Handbook of Polyester Molding Compounds and Molding Technology

Handbook of Polyester Molding Compounds and Molding Technology
Raymond W. Meyer
Contents
1 General Information 1
2 FRP Part Design 19
3 FRP Mold Design 47
4 FRP Raw Materials 65
5 Formulations & Compound Preparation 113
6 Molding Compound Process Equipment 147
7 Compression Molding Technology 179
8 Injection Molding Technology 205
9 FRP Painting 221
Annotated Bibliography 253
Index
Alumina trihydrate, 88
Annotated bibliography, 253
Asbestos, 89
Bibliography, annotated, 253
Abbreviations, list of, 253
Author index, 349
Bonded joints, 44
Bosses, 32, 34
Bulk molding compounds
Description, 2
Formulations, 127
History, 2
Shrinkage, 4
Specific design details, 63
Calcium carbonate, 79
Carrier films, 109
China clay, 83
Chopped strands, 97
Chrome plating molds, 62
Compression molding, 186
Steam heating fundamentals, 186
Continuous mixing/molding system,
217
Core pins, 59
Cylinders, mold, 56
Defects, paint, 239
Design
Mash-off areas, 53
Shear edges, 51
Dispensers, resin mix, 116
Drilling, 37
Double arm mixers, 166
Dynamic mixers, 123
Ejector sleeves, 59
Extruders, clay-type, 166
Epoxy resins, 75
Fillers, inorganic, 78
Alumina trihydrate, 89
Asbestos, 89
Calcium carbonate, 79
China clay, 83
Effect on molding compounds, 80
Talc,86
Wollastonite, 89
Films, carrier, 109
FRP glossary, 357
Fabrication, 36
Fasteners, 39
FRP part design, 19
Flash blowout openings, mold, 56
Flow
Around corners, 35
Molding compound, 193
Thinner to thicker sections, 26
Heating conduits in molds, 55
Heel blocks on molds, 54
High strength compounds, 143
Injection molding, 205
Effect of glass length, 211
Process recommendations, 214
RAM vs. screw, 208
Runner & gate design, 214
Inserts, 32
Internal release agents, 103
Inorganic fillers, 78
Joint stresses, 43
Knockout pins, 25
Kaolin clay, 83
Leader pins, 55
Low density compounds, 145
Low pressure compounds, 142Low profile
Additives, 76
Discussion, 9
Manufacturers, list of, 365
Master models, 48
Materials
Comparative properties, 22
Mechanical fasteners, 39
Milling, 38
Mixers
Blade style, 167
Mold
Design, 47
Ejector assembly, 57
Handling requirements, 60
Steel selector, 50
Stops, 56
Tryout, 62
Molding
Picture-frame-type parts, 29
Molding compounds
Electrical type, 13
Energy absorbing, 16
Food grade, 15
Low density, 15
Low pressure, 15
Markets, 17
Molds
Chrome plating, 62
Duplicating models, 51
Heel blocks, 54
Internal heating conduits, 55
Leader pins, 55
Mash-off designs, 53
Master models, 48
Mold steel selector, 50
Shear edge designs, 51
Surface finish, 61
Types, 12
Organic peroxides, 98
Painting
Automotive primers, 230
Automotive sealers, 231
Automotive topcoats, 233
Application equipment, 237
Defects, 239
Defect definitions, 240
Paint components, 222
Paint requirements, 227
Paint types, 264
Surface preparation, 228
Part design
Blind pockets, 24
Draft,24
Flash location, 21
Parting lines, 23
Stress-strain curves, various
materials, 20
Pigments, 106
Polyester resins
Ingredients, 66
Types, 68
Premix
Advantages, 1
Disadvantages, 1
Preparing BMC charges, 195
Preparing resin mixes, 115
Preparing SMC charges, 196
Punching, 38
Raw materials, 65
Reinforcing mats, 96
Ribs
Appearance parts, 32
Nonappearance parts, 31
Routing, 37
Roving choppers, 156
Roving, fiberglass, 91
Terms, definition of, 92
Sawing, 38Sheet molding compounds
Description, 5
Effect of glass content, 6
Formulations, 137
History, 5
Impregnator design, 156
In-process testing, 123
Low profile discussion, 9
Test procedures, 125
Thickening mechanism, 11
Static mixers, 122
Surface finish, mold, 61
Talc, 86
Tappin& 39
Testing molding compounds
Physical properties, 191
Reactivity, 189
Spiral flow, 191
Viscosity increase of mixes, 187
Thermoplastic additiv~s, 76
Thickeners, chemical, 110
Thickening mechanism, 6
Toughener additives, 111
Trademarks, list of, 363
Troubleshooting guide
BMC injection moldin& 217
SMC moldin& 199
SMC processing
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