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Loading...The Jet Engines
Rolls-Royce Publication
Contents
1 Basic mechanics 1
2 Working cycle and airflow 11
3 Compressors 19
4 Combustion chambers 35
5 Turbines 45
6 Exhaust system 59
7 Accessory drives 65
8 Lubrication 73
9 Internal air system 85
10 Fuel system 95
11 Starting and ignition 121
12 Controls and instrumentation 133
13 Ice protection 147
14 Fire protection 153
15 Thrust reversal 159
16 Afterburning 169
17 Water injection 181
18 Vertical/short take-off and landing 187
19 Noise suppression 199
20 Thrust distribution 207
21 Performance 215
22 Manufacture 229
23 Power plant installation 243
24 Maintenance 251
25 Overhaul 263
Appendix 1; Conversion factors 277
Appendix 1
Conversion factors
UNIT ABBREVIATIONS
in = inch
ft = foot
yd = yard
oz = ounce
lb = pound
cwt = hundredweight
Btu = British thermal unit
hp = horsepower
Hg = mercury
s = second
min = minute
h = hour
f = force
W = watt
kW = kilowatt (Wx1000)
mm = millimetre (mx0.001)
m = metre
km = kilometre (mx1000)
g = gram
kg = kilogram
N = newton
Pa = pascal
kPa = kilopascal
J = Joule
kJ = kilojoule (Jx1000)
MJ = megajoule (Jx1 000 000)
CONVERSION FACTORS – Exact values are printed in bold type.
LENGTH 1 in = 25.4 mm
1 ft = 0.3048 m
1 mile = 1 .60934 km
1 International nautical mile = 1.852 km
AREA 1 in2 = 645.16 mm2
1 ft2 = 92903.04 mm2
VOLUME 1 UK fluid ounce = 28413.1 mm3
1 US fluid ounce = 29573.5 mm3
1 Imperial pint = 568261.0 mm3
1 US liquid pint = 473176.0 mm3
1 UK gallon = 4546090.0 mm3
1 US gallon = 3785410.0 mm3
1 in3 = 16387.1 mm3
1 ft3 = 0.0283168 m3
MASS 1 oz (avoir.) = 28. 3495 g
1 lb = 0.45359237 kg
1 UK ton = 1.01605 tonne
1 short ton (2000 lb) = 0.907 tonne278
DENSITY 1 lb/in3 = 27679.9 kg/m3
1 lb/ft3 = 16.0185 kg/m3
VELOCITY 1 in/min = 0.42333 mm/s
1 ft/min = 0.00508 m/s
1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s
1 mile/h = 1.60934 km/h
1 International knot = 1.852 km/h
ACCELERATION 1 ft/s2 = 0.3048 m/s2
MASS FLOW RATE 1 lb/h = 1.25998×10-4 kg/s
FORCE 1 Ibf = 4.44822 N
1 kgf = 9.80665 N
1 tonf = 9964.02 N
PRESSURE 1 in Hg (0.0338639 bar) = 3386.39 Pa
1 Ibf/in2 (0.0689476 bar) = 6894.76 Pa
1 bar = 100.0 kPa
1 standard atmosphere = 101.325 kPa
MOMENT (torque) 1 Ibf in = 0.112985 Nm
1 Ibf ft = 1.35582 Nm
ENERGY/ HEAT/ WORK 1 hph = 2.68452 MJ
1 therm = 105.506 MJ
1 Btu = 1.05506 kJ
1 kWh = 3.6 MJ
HEAT FLOW RATE 1 Btu/h = 0.293071 W
POWER 1 hp (550 ft Ibf/s) = 0.745700 kW
KINEMATIC VISCOSITY 1 ft2/s = 929.03 stokes = 0.092903 m2/s
SPECIFIC ENTHALPY 1 Btu/ft3 = 37.2589 kJ/rn2
1 Btu/lb = 2.326 kJ/kg
PLANE ANGLE 1 radian (rad) = 57.2958 degrees
1 degree = 0.0174533 rad = 1.1111 grade
1 second = 4.84814×10-6 rad = 0.0003 grade
1 minute = 2.90888×10-4 rad = 0.0185 grade
VELOCITY OF ROTATION 1 revolution/min = 0.104720 rad/s
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