Orrery – A Story of Mechanical Solar Systems, Clocks, and English Nobility

Orrery – A Story of Mechanical Solar Systems, Clocks, and English Nobility
Tony Buick
Contents
1 Setting the Scene . 1
2 Honest George, Chronometers and the Mystery
of the Disappearing Proto-Orreries . 53
3 Orrery – the Man and the Model 97
4 A Closer Look at Gear Calculations, Time
Corrections, Escapements, and Orbital Resonance . 149
5. The Clockmaker’s London . 199
6 Modern and Orrery Times Compared 253
Appendix 1: A Select Timeline 289
Appendix 2: Glossary 293
Appendix 3: Bibliography . 295
Index
297
Index
T. Buick, Orrery, Astronomers’ Universe, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-7043-4,
A
Adler Planetarium and Astronomical
Museum in Chicago, 80, 94
Airy, Sir George, 58, 231
Alsatia, 204
Anchor, 26, 31, 57
Anne Victoria of Savoy, Princess, 88
Antikythera, 10
Armagh Observatory’s Human Orrery,
144
Armillary, 14, 17, 19
Arnold, John, 69, 73, 74
Aryabhata, 6
Aske, Henry, 53
Astrarium clock, 31
Astrolabe, 19, 20, 31
Astronomers Royal, 76, 259
Atterbury, Francis, Bishop of Rochester,
110, 118
Aurora, 65, 257
Australopithecus, 2
B
Babylonian, 4, 12, 22
Banking, 49
Battle of the Books, 237
Belvedere, Great Palace, 83, 88
Bentley, Dr Richard, 39, 111, 112, 113,
235
Black Death, 201
Blackfriars, 204
Board of Longitude, 67, 71, 240
Boleyn, Anne, 33
Botibol, Jesse Myer, 90
Boyle’s Law, 42, 107
Bradley, James, 26, 58, 77
Brazen Bull, 111
Breguet, Abraham-Louis, 73, 135
Budgell, Eustace, 78, 262
C
Caral Supe, 9
Catherine of Braganza, 216
Celsius, Anders, 64
Chemist, 275
Churchill, John, 81
Clepsydra, 22
Collegiate Church of St Mary, Youghal,
102
Comet, 8, 42, 144
Copernicus, 26
Coronal mass ejection, CME, 253
Cromwell, 105, 216, 219, 260
Cuneiform, 3, 4, 12
Cutty Sark, 217
D
Deadbeat, 42
de Dondi, Giovanni, 31
Derrynane House, 30
Desaguliers, 88, 94, 250
Dorians, 8
Downing Street, London, 115
E
Earnshaw, Thomas, 73, 74
Egyptians, 5, 12
Enlightenment, 201, 247, 263, 265, 267,
275
Equation of time, 284
Eratosthenes, 17, 66
Erzabtei St Peter, Benedictine monastery
in Salzburg, 91
Exeter, 31, 116
F
Ferguson, James, 131, 137
Flamsteed, John, 41, 42, 58, 59, 85, 247,
250298 Index
Fleet, River, 200, 201, 225
Foliot, 28, 32, 33, 35, 57
Fromanteel, 35, 270
G
Gibraltar, 241, 242
Gould, Rupert Thomas, 124
Gray, Stephen, 250
Great Fire of London, 201, 203, 207, 210,
212, 219, 238
Great storm, 258
Gridiron, 58, 76
Guild, 37, 48, 259, 267
H
Habsburg, 81, 86
Hales, Stephen, 78
Halley, Edmond, 235, 251
Hampton Court, 25
Harappans, 6
Henry VIII, 25, 31, 33, 37, 59, 208
Historia Coelestis, 248
Hofburg Palace, 285
Homo sapiens sapiens, 2
Horrocks, Jeremiah, 42, 107
Hugenots, 207, 208, 269
Huygens, Christaan, 26, 34
I
Isles of Scilly, 67
J
Jones, Brothers William and Samuel,
126, 136
K
Kendall, Larcum, 69
Kentucky Vietnam Veterans Memorial,
13
Kit-Kat club, 245
Knibb, Joseph, 37
Knole House, 24, 111
Kratzer, Nicholas, 25
L
Lagadha, 6
Lantern clock, 24
Layer Christopher (Kit), 118
Leonard de Vinci, 12
Lismore Castle, 106
Longitude, 17, 56, 58, 59, 60, 66, 67, 69,
108, 124, 130, 239, 240
M
Malplaquet, battle, 83
Maria Theresia, 90, 94, 285
Marlborough, Duke of, 55, 81, 87, 106,
115
Marlowe, Christopher, 100
Martin, Benjamin, 283
Maskelyne, Nevil, 68, 126, 240
Maunder Minimum, 254, 266
Maupertuis, Pierre Louis, 64
Maya, 9
Maypole, 26
Meridian, 17, 25, 58, 76
Mesopotamia, 3
Michaelbeueren, Benedictine monastery
in Salzburg, 91
Mississippian, 9
Molyneux, Samuel, 64
Moore, Sir Jonas, 42, 47, 49, 51, 57, 59,
246, 248
Moore, Sir Patrick, 136
Mudge, Thomas, 70, 71, 267
Mycenaeans, 8
N
Nesstfelt, Johann Georg, 90
Newton, Sir Isaac, 26, 39, 77, 122, 129,
212, 272
O
Orion Nebular, 9
Otford Solar System, 145
Ottery-St-Mary, 31
Oursian, Nicholas, 25, 26
P
Phalaris, Epistles of, 111, 234, 245
Pirates, 241, 263
Plane Tree, 230
Pound, Rev James, 26
Prague, 30, 32
Preston village, Kent, 99
Printing, 201, 264
Ptolemy, Claudius, 10
Punch and Judy, 238
R
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 102, 103, 106
Ramsden, Jesse, 125, 126
Richard of Wallingford, 30
Rittenhouse, David, 135
R?mer, Ole Christensen, 60Index 299
Romeyn de Hooghe, 273
Royal Mint, 268, 272
S
Sackville, Sir Richard, 97, 111
Salisbury, 31
Sexagesimal, 5
Sextant, 61, 66, 85
Shang Dynasty, 8
Sharp, Abraham, 248
Shovell, Sir Cloudesley, 67, 240, 241,
242, 259, 264, 271
Sieur de St. Pierre, 66
Slaves, 260, 263
Spanish Armada, 59
Stadtpalais, 88
Steele, Sir Richard, 87, 88, 116, 125, 243
Stowe, John, 206, 210
Strype, John, 206, 209
Sumer, 3
Sumerians, 4, 41
Swift, Jonathan, 234, 235
Swordfeger, Margaret, 115, 119, 241
T
Time ball, 231, 232, 233
Towneley, Richard, 41, 42, 57, 107
Transit, 60, 62, 63, 76
Tycho Brahe, 60, 221, 248
Tychonic system, 17
U
Urseau, 25
V
Vayringe, Philip, 94
Venus, 9, 42, 86, 131, 135, 137, 144, 240,
286
Venus Tablet of Ammisaduqua, 12
Verge, 28, 31, 56, 64
Vitruvius, 12, 22
W
Walpole, Sir Robert, 116, 118
War of the Spanish Accession, 67
Water clock, 22
Wells, 31
Wherries, 209, 279, 280
William the Conqueror, 97
World Heritage Site of Stonehenge in
Wiltshire, England, 3
Wright, Thomas, 55, 86, 131, 132, 222
Wynkyn de Worde, 201
Y
Youghal, 99, 102
Z
Zapotec, 9
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