Occupational Injuries From Electrical Shock and Arc Flash Events

Occupational Injuries From Electrical Shock and Arc Flash Events
اسم المؤلف
Richard B. Campbell • David A. Dini
التاريخ
8 فبراير 2024
المشاهدات
266
التقييم
(لا توجد تقييمات)
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Occupational Injuries From Electrical Shock and Arc Flash Events
Richard B. Campbell • David A. Dini
Contents
Review of the Literature . 1
Electrical Injury in the Workplace 4
Costs of Electrical Injury 8
Trends in Workplace Electrical Injury . 11
Fatal Work-Related Electrical Injuries, 1992–2013 12
Analysis of Electrical Fatalities, 2004–2013 13
Industry and Occupation . 13
Work Activity While Injured . 17
Primary Source 17
Worker Characteristics 18
Additional Injury Event Information 18
Fatal Electrical Injuries, 2004–2010 . 19
Industry and Occupation: Contact with Overhead Power Lines . 19
Industry and Occupation: Contact with Wiring, Transformers,
or Other Electrical Components 20
Contact with Electric Current of Machine, Tool, Appliance,
or Light Fixture . 21
Fatal Electrical Injuries, 2011–2013 . 23
Work Activity While Injured . 24
Industry and Occupation . 24
Non-fatal Workplace Electrical Injuries, 2003–2012 25
Electrical Injuries 2003–2010: Contact with Electrical Current . 26
Industry and Occupation, 2003–2010 . 26
Injury Trends, 2003–2010 . 28
Leading Electrical Injury Events, 2003–2010 29
Contact with Machine, Tool, Appliance or Light Fixture . 31
Industry and Occupation . 31
Number of Days Away from Work . 32xviii
Contact with Wiring, Transformers, or Other Electrical Components 32
Industry and Occupation . 33
Number of Days Away from Work . 34
Electrical Injuries 2011–2012: Exposure to Electricity 34
Direct Exposure to Electricity, 2011–2012 . 35
Indirect Exposure to Electricity, 2011–2012 . 38
Electrical Injury Rates, 2003–2012 . 41
Research into Causes of Electrical Injuries 43
NIOSH Case Reports of Electrical Injury Incidents . 49
Review of Select OSHA Investigations of Workplace
Electrical Incidents . 55
Review of the Cases 58
Implications for NFPA 70E . 58
Implications for NFPA 70E . 59
Implications for NFPA 70E . 61
Implications for NFPA 70E . 62
Implications for NFPA 70E . 64
Implications for NFPA 70E . 67
Discussion . 69
References 75
Contentsxix
Fig. 1 Fatal work-related electrical injuries in the United States,
1992–2013 . 12
Fig. 2 Work-related electrical fatalities, by industry, 2004–2013, total 14
Fig. 3 Work-related electrical fatalities trends by industry, 2004–2013 . 15
Fig. 4 Work-related electrical fatalities, by occupation,
2004–2013, total . 15
Fig. 5 Work-related electrical fatalities trends by occupation,
2004–2013 . 16
Fig. 6 Work-related electrical fatalities, by worker activity,
2004–2013, total . 17
Fig. 7 Fatal electrical injuries by injury event, 2004–2010 . 19
Fig. 8 Fatal electrical injury from contact with power lines
by occupation, 2004–2010 20
Fig. 9 Fatal electrical injury from contact with power lines by industry,
2004–2010 . 20
Fig. 10 Fatal electrical injury from contact with wiring, transformers,
electrical components by occupation, 2004–2010 21
Fig. 11 Fatal electrical injury from contact with wiring, transformers,
electrical components by industry, 2004–2010 . 21
Fig. 12 Fatal electrical injury from contact with machine, tool,
appliance, light fixture by occupation, 2004–2010 . 22
Fig. 13 Fatal electrical injury from contact with machine, tool,
appliance, light fixture by industry, 2004–2010 22
Fig. 14 Fatal electrical injury events, 2011–2013 . 23
Fig. 15 Fatal electrical injury events by voltage, known voltage,
2011–2013 . 23
Fig. 16 Fatal electrical injury events by work activity 24
Fig. 17 Direct and indirect fatal exposure to electricity,
by occupation, 2011–2013 25
Fig. 18 Direct and indirect fatal exposure to electricity, by industry,
2011–2013 . 26
List of Tables and Figuresxx
Fig. 19 Non-fatal electrical injuries, contact with electric current,
2003–2010 . 27
Fig. 20 Non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2010, by occupation 27
Fig. 21 Non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2010, by industry 28
Table 1 Change in non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2005 vs.
2008–2010 . 29
Table 2 Change in non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2005 vs.
2008–2010, by occupation 29
Table 3 Change in non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2005 vs.
2008–2010, by industry 30
Fig. 22 Non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2010 by injury event . 30
Fig. 23 Non-fatal electrical injuries, 2003–2010, contact with electric
current of machine, tool, appliance, or light fixture 31
Fig. 24 Non-fatal electrical injuries due to contact with electric
current of machine, tool, appliance, or light fixture, 2003–2010 32
Fig. 25 Non-fatal electrical injuries due to contact with wiring,
transformers, other electrical equipment, 2003–2010 . 33
Fig. 26 Non-fatal injuries from exposure to electricity, 2011–2012 . 35
Fig. 27 Non-fatal injuries from exposure to electricity by age,
2011–2012 . 35
Table 4 Non-fatal injuries from direct exposure to electricity by age
and gender, 2011–2012 . 36
Table 5 Non-fatal injuries from direct exposure to electricity,
by occupation 36
Table 6 Non-fatal injuries from direct exposure to electricity
by industry 37
Table 7 Non-fatal injuries from direct exposure to electricity,
by days from work 38
Table 8 Non-fatal injuries from indirect exposure to electricity
by age and gender, 2011–2012 39
Table 9 Non-fatal injuries from indirect exposure to electricity,
by occupation, 2011–2012 39
Table 10 Non-fatal injuries from indirect exposure
to electricity, by industry, 2011–2012 . 40
Table 11 Non-fatal injuries from indirect exposure to electricity,
by days away from work 2011–2012 40
Fig. 28 Electrical injury incidence rates, construction & utilities,
2003–2012 . 42
Fig. 29 Electrical injury incidence rates, real estate & food services,
2003–2012 . 42

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