Mechanical Design Second edition
Mechanical Design Second edition
Peter R. N. Childs
BSc (Hons), DPhil, CEng, FIMechE, MIED, ILTM, Mem ASME
University of Sussex, UK
CONTENTS
Preface ix
About the author xi
Acknowledgements xiii
1 Design 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The design process 2
1.3 Total design 5
1.4 Product design specification 9
1.5 Conceptual design 12
1.6 The technology base 16
1.7 Conclusions 18
References and sources of information 18
Nomenclature 19
Worksheet 19
2 Mechanical engineering 22
2.1 Introduction 22
2.2 Thermodynamics 25
2.3 Mechanics 27
2.4 Materials 27
2.5 Conclusions 29
References and sources of information 29
Nomenclature 29
3 Machine elements 30
3.1 Introduction 30
3.2 Tribology 31
3.3 Bearings 32
3.4 Gears, belts and chains 33
3.5 Seals 34
3.6 Clutches and brakes 35
3.7 Springs 36
3.8 Fasteners 36
3.9 Enclosures 37
3.10 Conclusions 38
References 38
Nomenclature 384 Bearings 39
4.1 Introduction 39
4.2 Sliding bearings 40
4.3 Rolling contact bearings 63
4.4 Conclusions 71
References and sources of information 72
Nomenclature 73
Worksheet 74
5 Shafts 79
5.1 Introduction 79
5.2 Shaft–hub connection 82
5.3 Shaft–shaft connection – couplings 84
5.4 Critical speeds and shaft deflection 85
5.5 ASME design code for transmission shafting 94
5.6 Conclusions 101
References and sources of information 102
Nomenclature 102
Worksheet 103
6 Gears 107
6.1 Introduction 107
6.2 Construction of gear tooth profiles 113
6.3 Gear trains 116
6.4 Tooth systems 122
6.5 Force analysis 122
6.6 Simple gear selection procedure 124
6.7 Conclusions 133
References and sources of information 133
Nomenclature 134
Worksheet 134
7 Detailed gear stressing 137
7.1 Introduction 137
7.2 Wear failure 138
7.3 AGMA equations for bending and contact stress 139
7.4 Gear selection procedure 148
7.5 Conclusions 150
References and sources of information 150
Nomenclature 151
Worksheet 151
8 Belts and chain drives 154
8.1 Introduction 154
8.2 Belt drives 155
Contents
vi8.3 Chain drives 166
8.4 Conclusions 173
References and sources of information 173
Nomenclature 175
Worksheet 175
9 Seals 177
9.1 Introduction 177
9.2 Static seals 178
9.3 Dynamics seals 182
9.4 Conclusions 188
References and sources of information 188
Nomenclature 190
Worksheet 190
10 Clutches and brakes 192
10.1 Introduction 192
10.2 Clutches 194
10.3 Brakes 203
10.4 Conclusions 220
References and sources of information 220
Nomenclature 221
Worksheet 222
11 Springs 225
11.1 Introduction 225
11.2 Helical compression springs 229
11.3 Helical extension springs 239
11.4 Helical torsion springs 241
11.5 Leaf springs 242
11.6 Belleville spring washers 244
11.7 Conclusions 247
References and sources of information 247
Nomenclature 249
Worksheet 249
12 Fastening and power screws 251
12.1 Introduction to permanent and non-permanent fastening 251
12.2 Threaded fasteners 251
12.3 Power screws 258
12.4 Rivets 261
12.5 Adhesives 267
12.6 Welding 270
12.7 Snap fasteners 270
Contents
vii12.8 Conclusions 272
References and sources of information 272
Nomenclature 273
13 Frames, casings and enclosures 275
13.1 Introduction 275
13.2 Designing to resist bending 276
13.3 Designing to resist torsion 278
13.4 Designing to provide adequate ventilation 279
13.5 Safety 281
13.6 Conclusions 281
References and sources of information 281
Nomenclature 281
14 Sensors and actuators 283
14.1 Introduction 283
14.2 Sensors 284
14.3 Actuators 291
14.4 Conclusions 297
References and sources of information 297
Nomenclature 297
15 Engineering tolerancing 299
15.1 Introduction 299
15.2 Component tolerances 299
15.3 Statistical tolerancing 307
15.4 Conclusions 319
References and sources of information 319
Nomenclature 319
Worksheet 320
16 Design management and case study 322
16.1 Introduction 322
16.2 Management of design 326
16.3 Costing 329
16.4 A guide to design literature and sources of information 335
16.5 Case study 336
16.6 Conclusions 346
References and sources of information 346
Nomenclature 347
Worksheet 348
Index
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