Investigation of RF Curing Parameters in Resin Infusion Molding

رسالة ماجستير بعنوان
Investigation of RF Curing Parameters in Resin Infusion Molding
Christopher Kyle Love
A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of
Brigham Young University
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Master of Science
Brent Strong, Chair
Michael Miles
Val Hawks0.
School of Technology
Brigham Young University
Table of Contents
List of Tables . Ix
List of Figures . Xi
1 Introduction . 1
1.1 Applications 4
1.2 Problem Statement 5
1.3 Hypothesis 6
1.4 Delimitations . 6
1.5 Definition of Terms 6
2 Background and Review of Literature . 7
2.1 Introduction . 7
2.2 Room Temperature Curing . 7
2.3 Oven Curing 9
2.4 Infrared (IR) 10
2.5 Ultraviolet (UV) 12
2.6 Microwave 15
2.7 Radio Frequency (RF) 18
2.7.1 Advantages 18
2.7.2 Disadvantages . 21
2.8 The Riddle Element 22
3 Experimental Method . 25
3.1 Introduction . 25
3.2 Curing Time Study 25
3.2.1 Method 25vi
3.2.2 Mold Making 25
3.2.3 Preparation of the Polyester Dog-bone Specimens . 28
3.2.4 Experimental Design . 31
3.3 Tensile Test Study 34
3.3.1 Method 34
3.3.2 Experimental Design . 37
3.4 The RF Generator . 39
3.4.1 Components 39
3.5 The Electrode Configuration 42
3.5.1 The 3 Types . 42
3.6 The Sensitizer . 43
3.7 The Resin 44
3.7.1 Resin Type 44
4 Results and Analysis . 45
4.1 Introduction . 45
4.2 Curing Time Study 45
4.2.1 Results . 45
4.2.2 Analysis . 51
4.3 Tensile Test Study 52
4.3.1 Results . 52
4.3.2 Analysis . 59
5 Conclusions and Recommendations 61
5.1 RF Curing . 61
5.2 Conclusions . 62vii
5.3 Recommendations for Areas of Further Study . 64
5.3.1 Micro-cracking or Checking . 64
5.3.2 Design of Experiments 65
5.3.3 Material Degradation over Time . 65
6 References 67
APPENDIX A 73
APPENDIX B
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: The electromagnetic spectrum 2
Table 2: LDB experimental data collection spreadsheet 32
Table 3: SDB experimental data collection spreadsheet .33
Table 4: LDB tensile test data collection spread sheet. 38
Table 5: SDB tensile test collection spread sheet. 39
Table 6: LDB curing time study data spread sheet. 46
Table 7: SDB curing time study 49
Table 8: LDB tensile test data .53
Table 9: SDB tensile test data .57
Table 10: LDB t-test results 59
Table 11: SDB t-test results. .60
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Dielectric polarization. 1
Figure 2: Mechanism of ultraviolet radiation curing. .12
Figure 3: Microwave heating system 16
Figure 4: LDB master template for specimen mold fabrication. 26
Figure 5: SDB master template for specimen mold fabrication. 26
Figure 6: SDB specimen mold 27
Figure 7: LDB specimen mold 27
Figure 8: Balance scale used to measure resin mixture. .28
Figure 9: Stray field electrode configuration. .29
Figure 10: The result of excessive voltage levels. 30
Figure 11: Model 4204 instron. 34
Figure 12: ASTM D638 type I tensile bar for LDB specimens 35
Figure 13: ASTM D638 type V tensile bar for SDB specimens .35
Figure 14: Tensile jaws .36
Figure 15: Tensile test simulation .37
Figure 16: Common triode power tube .40
Figure 17: Modified hartley oscillator circuit .41
Figure 18: Similar modified hartley oscillator schematic .41
Figure 19: Staggered through field configuration .42
Figure 20: Stray field configuration 43
Figure 21: Direct through field configuration .43
Figure 22: LDB curing time results. .47
Figure 23: LDB lever positions reflecting capacitive reactance and voltage levels. 48xii
Figure 24: SDB curing time results. .50
Figure 25: SDB lever positions reflecting capacitive reactance and voltage levels. 51
Figure 26: Example of a common stress versus strain curve 54
Figure 27: LDB 5 load versus elongation curve. 55
Figure 28: LDB tensile test data. 56
Figure 29: SDB 10 load versus elongation curve. 58
Figure 30: SDB tensile test data
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