اسم المؤلف
N. G. Pandya , C. S. Shah
التاريخ
22 نوفمبر 2021
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108
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Elements of Machine Design 7 Ed
N. G. Pandya
B.Sc., B.Sc. (Eng.) , Dr. lng. (Germany), F.I.E. (India), V.D.I .
Member
, American Society for Engineering Education
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya
AND
C. S. Shah
B.Sc. (Eng.), Dr. Ing. (Germany), F.I.E. ( India)
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya
{ Engineering College )
VALLABH VIDYANAGAR (ANAND)
ELEMENTS OF MACHINE DESIGN
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION AND THEIR
PROPERTIES
Introduction
- General consideration – Structure of
materials – Mechanical properties of materials of construction - Determination of mechanical properties –
Fabrication characteristics and processes of fabrication –
Non-ferrous metals and alloys – Available sizes –
Accuracy – Finishing processes – Non-metallic materials - Plastics – Examples I
CHAPTER 11
PAGES
1-62
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN MACHINE PARTS
Strain – Stress-Strain diagram:
Modulus of Elasticity – Poisson’s ratio – Modulus of
rigidity — Bulk modulus – Basic requirements of the
machine elements – Factor of safety: Selection of allowable stresses – Procedure for designing a machine
element - Tensile stress – Compressive stress – Shearing
stress - Bearing pressure intensity – Bending – Shear stresses in abeam – Torsion – Eccentric loading – Combined
stresses: Bending combined with direct stress – Offset
connecting links and C shaped frames – Shearing combined with tensile and compressive stresses – Theories of
elastic failure – Designing for impact loads – Stress
concentration – Notch sensitivity – – Effect of repeated
application of load – Fluctuating stress for ductile materials - Light weight and minimum dimensions – Elastic
matching – Temperature stress – Examples II .
CHAPTER III
Loads Stress
63-165
CYLINDERS, TANKS AND PIPES
Introduction - Types of vessels – Design of thin cylinders
- Design of thin spherical shell – Cylindrical shell
with hemispherical ends – – Design of pipes – Design of
thick cylinders – Design equation for thick cylinder –
Examples III . . 166-195X CONTENTS
CHAPTER IV
RIVETED JOINTS
Introduction - Rivets – Rivet heads – Types of riveted
joints – Caulking and fullering – Design of a riveted joint
for boiler work - Efficiency of a riveted joint – Joints for
storage tanks – Lozenge joint – Eccentric loads on riveted
connections - Examples IV . . 196-237
CHAPTER V
BOLTS, NUTS AND SCREWS
Introduction - Definitions – Forms of screw threads –
Advantages of square threads over V threads – Screw
fastenings – Locking devices for nuts – Washers – Eye
bolt – Efficiency of threads – Stresses in screw fastenings – Initial stresses – Stress due to external forces –
Stresses due to combined load – Bolts of uniform
strength – Screwed boiler stays – Bolts subject to
shear – Bolts under eccentric loading – Design of a
nut – Power transmitting capacity of set screws –
Examples V . 238-281
CHAPTER VI
COTTER AND KNUCKLE JOINTS
Introduction Design of cottered joints – Gib and cotter - Connection of piston rod to crosshead – Cotter foundation bolts – Design of a knuckle joint: Introduction – Joint
of suspension links – Design of a coupler or turnbucklc –
Examples VI . 282-315
CHAPTER VII
SHAFTS, KEYS AND COUPLINGS
Introduction – Materials and design stresses – Design of
axles - Design of shafts on the basis of strength – – Design
of shaft on the basis of rigidity – Design of hollow and
square shafts – Forms of keys – Keys – Design of sunk
keys – Effect of keyways in sunk keys – Taper pin –
Feather keys – Force and shrink fits – Couplings:
Introduction Sleeve coupling or muff coupling – CONTENTS xi
Clamp or compression coupling – Flange coupling –
Marine type of flange coupling – Flexible coupling –
Bushed pin type of flexible coupling – Bibby type of
flexible coupling – Leather pad type flexible coupling –
Oldham’s coupling – Universal coupling – Safety
coupling – Examples VII
CHAPTER VIII
. 316-395
SPRINGS
Introduction - Close coiled helical spring subjected to
axial loading: circular wire – Helical springs of noncircular wire - Concentric helical springs – General
considerations in design of compression and tension springs - Torsion helical springs – Spiral springs – Leaf springs
- – Belleville springs – Energy storage capacity –
Examples VIII
CHAPTER IX
. 396-442
BEARINGS
Classification – Bearing area – Sliding bearings: Solid
journal bearings – Divided journal bearing: Plummer
block - Lubrication methods – Oil Grooving – Heating
of bearings – Design procedure for journal bearings – *
Bearing materials – Design of bearing caps and bolts –
Foot step or pivot bearings – Collar bearings – Antifriction bearings – – Radial ball bearings – Roller bearings – Selection of ball and roller bearings – Bearing
load - Equivalent bearing load – Carrying capacity and
life - Relationship between load and life – Requisite
bearing life for different types of machines – Life of
Timken Bearings – Influence of high temperature on
load carrying capacity – Friction in rolling bearings –
Comparison of sleeve and rolling bearings –
Examples IX .
CHAPTER X
. 443-502
STRUTS AND COLUMNS
Introduction – Euler’s formula – End fixity coefficients
Radius of gyration and plane of bending – Rankine’s
formula – Telmajer’s formula Design of push rods
Eccentrically loaded columns – Examples X . 503- 527xii CONTENTS
CHAPTER XI
POWER SCREWS
Introduction – Form of threads – Force analysis –
Design of a screw – Design of a nut – Compound screw - Differential screw – Ball screws – Examples XI
CHAPTER XII
. 528-567
LEVERS
Introduction - General procedure for design of levers –
Hand lever - Foot lever – Cranked lever – Lever of a
safety valve – Rocker arm for Diesel engines (Straight
arm) – Angular levers – Design of an overhung
crank - Design of a crank pin (overhung crank ) – Miscellaneous Examples – Examples XII
CHAPTER XIII
. 568-618
BRACKETS
Brackets – Hangers – Wall box – Design considerations - Examples XIII . 619-633
CHAPTER XIV
BELTS, PULLEYS AND CHAIN DRIVES
Introduction – Materials for belts – Design of a belt –
Design procedure for flat belts – V belt drive – Design of
V flat drives – Pulleys: Materials and types – Cast
iron pulleys – Design of a cast iron pulley – Steel pulleys - Wooden pulleys -Tight and loose pulleys – Speed cone
- Short centre drive: Gravity idlers – Special tension
adjusting belt drive – Chain Drives: Introduction –
Roller chains – Design of Chain Drives – Examples XIV 634-630
CHAPTER XV
FLYWHEELS
Introduction – Determination of a weight of a flywheel
for given coeflicicnt of fluctuation of speed – Flywheel for
punches ancT shear – Engine flywheels – Flywheel for
Electric generators – Stresses in a rim of a flywheel –
Design of a hub – Arms of a flywheel – Examples XV . 681-706CONTENTS xiii
CHAPTER XVI
GEARS
Introduction
terminology – Gear tooth forms – Accuracy of gears –
Materials – Allowable stresses – Design considerations - Strength of gear teeth: Lewis equation – Dynamic
tooth load – Design for wear – Gear wheel proportions - Internal gears – Racks – Design of helical gears:
Introduction – Proportions for helical gears – Design of
helical gear teeth – Herringbone gears – Rating of
machine cut spur and helical gears – Design of bevel gears:
Introduction – Definitions – Strength of bevel gear
teeth – Constructional details – – Bearing loads – Design
of worm gear: Introduction – Worm gear nomenclature - Strength of worm gear teeth – Bearing loads on the
shafts – Examples XVI
General characteristics - Spur gear
. 707-795
CHAPTER XVII
WELDED CONNECTIONS
Introduction – Welding processes – Types of welded
joints – Working stresses in welds – Strength of welds - Special cases of fillet welds – Eccentric load on
welded connections – Design procedure recommended
by American Welding Society – Fillet welds under
varying loads – Examples XVII . . 796-821
CHAPTER XVIII
DESIGN OF MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE PARTS-I
ENGINES AND BOILERS
Design of flat plates – Design of a piston for I.C. Engines - Design of crossheads – Design of connecting rods –
Design of crankshafts – Design of a spring-loaded Hartnell
governor – Design of an eccentric – Compensating ring
for a manhole – Design of safety valves for boilers - Design of a steam stop valve – Design of tangent
cams - Design of a valve gear for I.C. Engines –
Examples XVIII . 822-943XIV CONTENTS
CHAPTER XIX
DESIGN OF MISCELLANEOUS MACHINE PARTS-II
BRAKES AND CLUTCHES
Hoisting equipments – Design of hoisting chains and
drums – Design of a hoisting rope – Design of wire ropes –
Stresses in curved beams - Design of a crane hook
Brakes: Introduction – Types of Brakes – Design
procedure for block brakes – Band brakes: Introduction – Design procedure for band brakes – Clutches:
Introduction - Design procedure for clutches –
Examples XIX 944-1006
CHAPTER XX
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
(S. I. SYSTEM)
Introduction – Units – Prefixes for Multiples and submultiples of units – Relation between the units of S.I. and
MKS Systems – Illustrative examples – Examples XX 1007-1022
CHAPTER XXI
DESIGN PROJECTS
Introduction Hand operated bench press – Reduction
Gear – Project Exercises 1023-1044
APPENDIX I TO XV
List of Indian Standards: “Testing of Materials” – Indian
Standard referred in the text – Preferred Numbers (Rounded values) – Properties of geometrical sections – Deflection formulas for machine parts – Metric threads –
Common sizes of transmission shafts dimensions in mm –
Imperial or Legal Standard Wire Gauge – Sizes of pulleys
for flat and V belts – Width of flat cast iron and steel
pulleys – Service factors for belt drive –
Load carrying capacity of V belts – Worm data – Basic thickness of sheet and diameters of wire in millimetres 1045-1054
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