Concrete Skateparks – Design and Construction of a Skateboarding Recreational Facility

مشروع تخرج بعنوان
Concrete Skateparks – Design and Construction of a Skateboarding Recreational Facility
Bachelor’s thesis
Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Visamäki, Autumn 2015
Teodor Daskalov
Table of Contents
1 Introduction . 1
2 Skateparks . 2
2.1 Overview . 2
2.2 Benefits and advantages of a skatepark . 2
2.3 Types of skateparks . 3
Skateparks by size . 3
2.3.1.1 Skate dot . 3
2.3.1.2 Skate spot 4
2.3.1.3 Neighbourhood skatepark . 5
2.3.1.4 Regional skatepark 6
Skateparks by style 7
2.3.2.1 Bowl park 7
2.3.2.2 Street plaza park . 7
2.3.2.3 Flow park 8
2.4 Ownership . 9
2.5 Construction 9
Prefabricated vs. custom built concrete . 9
2.6 Costs 10
2.7 Setup 10
Design basics . 10
2.7.1.1 Flat bottom 11
2.7.1.2 Transition 11
2.7.1.3 Lips, edges, and coping 11
2.7.1.4 Curbs, blocks, steps and walls 12
Elements and obstacles 12
3 CONCRETE SKATEPARK CONSTRUCTION 15
3.1 Choosing a site 15
3.2 Site evaluation . 15
3.3 Site preparation . 16
3.4 Specifications 17
Concrete . 17
3.4.1.1 Advantages of concrete . 17
3.4.1.2 Estimating concrete volume . 17
Cold weather concreting 18
3.4.2.1 Cold weather definition 18
3.4.2.2 Effects of temperature, air-entrainment, and cement hydration . 18
3.4.2.3 Cold weather concrete pouring . 19
Reinforced concrete 20
3.4.3.1 Concrete carbonation 21
3.4.3.2 Chloride attack 22
Reinforcement . 23
Drainage 23
3.4.5.1 Above grade drainage . 23
3.4.5.2 Below grade drainage . 24
Expansion joints 25
3.5 Concrete construction 26
Formwork 26Filling 26
Screeding . 27
Floating 28
Finishing 29
3.5.5.1 Re-floating 29
3.5.5.2 Rounding . 29
3.5.5.3 Troweling 30
Stripping formwork . 32
Curing 32
4 PORNAINEN SKATEPARK PROJECT 32
4.1 Introduction and timetable 32
4.2 Skatepark plan 2014 33
4.3 Participatory planning . 33
4.4 Precast concrete and asphalt surface . 34
4.5 Pornainen’s skatpeark design 36
Elements and positioning 38
Costs 40
Construction 2015 . 41
5 CONCLUSION . 41
SOURCES 42
Appendix 1 Windmill Skate Company projects
Appendix 2 Skatepark documents and drawings
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