Manufacturing Engineering and Technology – Eighth Edition in SI Units

Manufacturing Engineering and Technology
Eighth Edition in SI Units
Serope Kalpakjian
Illinois Institute of Technology
Steven R. Schmid
The University of Notre Dame
SI Contributions by
K. S. Vijay Sekar
Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering
Contents
Preface
About the Authors
General Introduction
I. What Is Manufacturing?
I. Product Design and Concurrent Engineering
I. Design for Manufacture, Assembly, Disassembly, and Service
I. Environmentally Conscious Design, Sustainable Manufacturing,
and Product Life Cycle
I. Selection of Materials
I. Selection of Manufacturing Processes
I. Computer-integrated Manufacturing
I. Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management
I. Lean Production and Agile Manufacturing
I. Manufacturing Costs and Global Competition
I. Trends in Manufacturing
Part I: Fundamentals of Materials: Behavior
and Manufacturing Properties
The Structure of Metals
. Introduction
. Types of Atomic Bonds
. The Crystal Structure of Metals
. Deformation and Strength of Single Crystals
. Grains and Grain Boundaries
. Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Metals
. Recovery, Recrystallization, and Grain Growth
. Cold, Warm, and Hot Working
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Mechanical Behavior, Testing, and Manufacturing
Properties of Materials
. Introduction
. Tension
Contents
. Compression
. Torsion
. Bending (Flexure)
. Hardness
. Fatigue
. Creep
. Impact
. Failure and Fracture of Materials
. Residual Stresses
. Work, Heat, and Temperature
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Physical Properties of Materials
. Introduction
. Density
. Melting Point
. Specific Heat
. Thermal Conductivity
. Thermal Expansion
. Electrical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties
. Corrosion Resistance
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Metal Alloys: Their Structure and Strengthening
by Heat Treatment
. Introduction
. Structure of Alloys
. Phase Diagrams
. The Iron–Carbon System
. The Iron–Iron-carbide Phase Diagram and the Development of Microstructures
in Steels
. Cast Irons
. Heat Treatment of Ferrous Alloys
. Hardenability of Ferrous Alloys
. Heat Treatment of Nonferrous Alloys and Stainless Steels
. Case Hardening
. Annealing
. Heat Treating Furnaces and Equipment
. Design Considerations for Heat Treating Contents
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Ferrous Metals and Alloys: Production, General
Properties, and Applications
. Introduction
. Production of Iron and Steel
. Casting of Ingots
. Continuous Casting
. Carbon and Alloy Steels
. Stainless Steels
. Tool and Die Steels
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys:
Production, General Properties,
and Applications
. Introduction
. Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys
. Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys
. Copper and Copper Alloys
. Nickel and Nickel Alloys
. Superalloys
. Titanium and Titanium Alloys
. Refractory Metals and Alloys
. Beryllium
. Zirconium
. Lithium
. Low-melting Alloys
. Precious Metals
. Shape-memory Alloys (Smart Materials)
. Amorphous Alloys (Metallic Glasses)
. Metal Foams and Metamaterials
. Rare Earth Metals
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Polymers: Structure, General Properties,
and Applications
. Introduction
. The Structure of Polymers
. Thermoplastics
. Thermosetting Plastics
. Additives in Plastics
. General Properties and Applications of Thermoplastics
. General Properties and Applications of Thermosetting Plastics
. Biodegradable Plastics
. Elastomers (Rubbers)
. Gels
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Ceramics, Glass, Graphite, Diamond, and
Nanomaterials: Structure, General Properties,
and Applications
. Introduction
. The Structure of Ceramics
. General Properties and Applications of Ceramics
. Glasses
. Glass Ceramics
. Graphite
. Diamond
. Nanomaterials
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Composite Materials: Structure, General
Properties, and Applications
. Introduction
. The Structure of Reinforced Plastics
. Properties of Reinforced Plastics
. Applications of Reinforced Plastics
. Metal-matrix Composites
. Ceramic-matrix Composites
. Other Composites
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Part II: Metal-casting Processes
and Equipment
Fundamentals of Metal Casting
. Introduction
. Solidification of Metals
. Fluid Flow
. Fluidity of Molten Metal
. Heat Transfer
. Defects
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Metal-casting Processes and Equipment
. Introduction
. Expendable-mold, Permanent-pattern Casting Processes
. Expendable-mold, Expendable-pattern Casting Processes
. Permanent-mold Casting Processes
. Casting Techniques for Single-crystal Components
. Rapid Solidification
. Inspection of Castings
. Melting Practice and Furnaces
. Foundries and Foundry Automation
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Metal Casting: Design, Materials,
and Economics
. Introduction
. Design Considerations in Casting
. Casting Alloys
. Economics of Casting
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Part III: Forming and Shaping Processes
and Equipment
Metal-rolling Processes and Equipment
. Introduction
. The Flat-rolling Process
. Flat-rolling Practice
. Rolling Mills
. Various Rolling Processes and Mills
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Metal-forging Processes and Equipment
. Introduction
. Open-die Forging
. Impression-die and Closed-die Forging
. Various Forging Operations
. Forgeability of Metals; Forging Defects
. Die Design, Die Materials, and Lubrication
. Die-manufacturing Methods and Die Failures
. Forging Machines
. Economics of Forging
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Metal Extrusion and Drawing Processes
and Equipment
. Introduction
. The Extrusion Process
. Hot Extrusion
. Cold Extrusion
. Extrusion Defects
. Design Considerations
. Extrusion Equipment
. The Drawing Process
. Drawing Practice
. Drawing Defects and Residual Stresses
. Drawing Equipment
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Sheet-metal Forming Processes
and Equipment
. Introduction
. Shearing
. Sheet-metal Characteristics and Formability
. Formability Tests for Sheet Metals
. Bending Sheets, Plates, and Tubes
. Miscellaneous Bending and Related Forming Operations
. Deep Drawing
. Rubber Forming and Hydroforming
. Spinning
. Superplastic Forming
. Hot Stamping
. Specialized Forming Processes
. Manufacturing of Metal Honeycomb Structures
. Design Considerations in Sheet-metal Forming
. Equipment for Sheet-metal Forming
. Economics of Sheet-forming Operations
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Powder-metal Processes and Equipment
. Introduction
. Production of Metal Powders
. Compaction of Metal Powders
. Sintering
. Secondary and Finishing Operations
. Design Considerations
. Economics of Powder Metallurgy
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Ceramics, Glasses, and Superconductors:
Processing and Equipment
. Introduction
. Shaping Ceramics
. Forming and Shaping of Glass
. Techniques for Strengthening and Annealing Glass
. Design Considerations for Ceramics and Glasses
. Processing of Superconductors Contents
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Plastics and Composite Materials: Forming
and Shaping
. Introduction
. Extrusion
. Injection Molding
. Blow Molding
. Rotational Molding
. Thermoforming
. Compression Molding
. Transfer Molding
. Casting
. Foam Molding
. Cold Forming and Solid-phase Forming
. Processing Elastomers
. Processing Polymer-matrix Composites
. Processing Metal-matrix and Ceramic-matrix Composites
. Design Considerations
. Economics of Processing Plastics and Composite Materials
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Additive Manufacturing
. Introduction
. Additive Manufacturing Methodology
. Extrusion-based Processes
. Photopolymerization
. Material Jetting
. Powder Bed Processes
. Laminated-object Manufacturing
. Miscellaneous Processes
. Emerging AM Applications
. Direct Manufacturing and Rapid Tooling
. Design for Additive Manufacturing
. Additive Manufacturing Economics
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Part IV: Machining Processes and Machine
Tools
Fundamentals of Machining
. Introduction
. Mechanics of Cutting
. Cutting Forces and Power
. Temperatures in Cutting
. Tool Life: Wear and Failure
. Surface Finish and Integrity
. Machinability
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Cutting-tool Materials and Cutting Fluids
. Introduction
. High-speed Steels
. Cast-cobalt Alloys
. Carbides
. Coated Tools
. Alumina-based Ceramics
. Cubic Boron Nitride
. Silicon-Nitride-based Ceramics
. Diamond
. Whisker-reinforced Materials and Nanomaterials
. Tool Costs and Reconditioning of Tools
. Cutting Fluids
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Machining Processes: Turning and Hole
Making
. Introduction
. The Turning Process
. Lathes and Lathe Operations
. Boring and Boring Machines
. Drilling, Drills, and Drilling Machines
. Reaming and Reamers
. Tapping and Taps Contents
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Machining Processes: Milling, Broaching, Sawing,
Filing, and Gear Manufacturing
. Introduction
. Milling and Milling Machines
. Planing and Shaping
. Broaching and Broaching Machines
. Sawing
. Filing
. Gear Manufacturing by Machining
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Machining Centers, Machine-tool
Structures, and Machining
. Introduction
. Machining Centers
. Machine-tool Structures
. Vibration and Chatter in Machining Operations
. High-speed Machining
. Hard Machining
. Ultraprecision Machining
. Machining Economics
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Abrasive Machining and Finishing
Operations
. Introduction
. Abrasives and Bonded Abrasives
. The Grinding Process
. Grinding Operations and Machines
. Design Considerations for Grinding
. Ultrasonic Machining
. Finishing Operations
. Deburring Operations
. Economics of Abrasive Machining and Finishing Operations Contents
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Advanced Machining Processes
. Introduction
. Chemical Machining
. Electrochemical Machining
. Electrochemical Grinding
. Electrical-discharge Machining
. Laser-beam Machining
. Electron-beam Machining
. Water-jet Machining
. Abrasive-jet Machining
. Hybrid Machining Systems
. Economics of Advanced Machining Processes
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Part V: Micromanufacturing and Fabrication
of Microelectronic Devices
Fabrication of Microelectronic Devices
. Introduction
. Clean Rooms
. Semiconductors and Silicon
. Crystal Growing and Wafer Preparation
. Film Deposition
. Oxidation
. Lithography
. Etching
. Diffusion and Ion Implantation
. Metallization and Testing
. Wire Bonding and Packaging
. Yield and Reliability
. Printed Circuit Boards
. Roll-to-Roll Printing of Flexible Electronics
. Flexible Hybrid Electronics
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Fabrication of Microelectromechanical Devices
and Systems and Nanoscale Manufacturing
. Introduction
. Micromachining of MEMS Devices
. Electroforming-based Processes
. Solid Free-form Fabrication of Devices
. Mesoscale Manufacturing
. Nanoscale Manufacturing
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Part VI: Joining Processes and Equipment
Fusion Welding Processes
. Introduction
. Oxyfuel–Gas Welding
. Arc-welding Processes: Nonconsumable Electrode
. Arc-welding Processes: Consumable Electrode
. Electrodes for Arc Welding
. Electron-beam Welding
. Laser-beam Welding
. Cutting
. The Weld Joint, Quality and Testing
. Joint Design and Process Selection
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Solid-state Welding Processes
. Introduction
. Cold Welding and Roll Bonding
. Ultrasonic Welding
. Friction Welding
. Resistance Welding
. Explosion Welding
. Diffusion Bonding
. Economics of Welding Operations
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects Contents
Brazing, Soldering, Adhesive-bonding,
and Mechanical Fastening Processes
. Introduction
. Brazing
. Soldering
. Adhesive Bonding
. Mechanical Fastening
. Joining Plastics, Ceramics, and Glasses
. Economics of Joining Operations
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Part VII: Surface Technology
Surface Roughness and Measurement; Friction,
Wear, and Lubrication
. Introduction
. Surface Structure and Integrity
. Surface Texture and Roughness
. Friction
. Wear
. Lubrication
. Metalworking Fluids and Their Selection
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Surface Treatments, Coatings,
and Cleaning
. Introduction
. Mechanical Surface Treatments
. Mechanical Plating and Cladding
. Case Hardening and Hard Facing
. Thermal Spraying
. Vapor Deposition
. Ion Implantation and Diffusion Coating
. Laser Treatments
. Electroplating, Electroless Plating, and Electroforming
. Conversion Coatings
. Hot Dipping Contents
. Porcelain Enameling; Ceramic and Organic Coatings
. Diamond Coating and Diamondlike Carbon
. Surface Texturing
. Painting
. Cleaning of Surfaces
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Part VIII: Engineering Metrology,
Instrumentation, and Quality
Assurance
Surface Treatments, Coatings,
and Cleaning
. Introduction
. Measurement Standards
. Geometric Features of Parts: Analog and Digital Measurements
. Traditional Measuring Methods and Instruments
. Modern Measuring Instruments and Machines
. Automated Measurement
. General Characteristics and Selection of Measuring Instruments
. Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Quality Assurance, Testing,
and Inspection
. Introduction
. Product Quality
. Quality Assurance
. Total Quality Management
. Taguchi Methods
. The ISO and QS Standards
. Statistical Methods of Quality Control
. Statistical Process Control
. Reliability of Products and Processes
. Nondestructive Testing
. Destructive Testing
. Automated Inspection Contents
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Part IX: Manufacturing in a Competitive
Environment
Automation of Manufacturing Processes
and Operations
. Introduction
. Automation
. Numerical Control
. Adaptive Control
. Material Handling and Movement
. Industrial Robots
. Sensor Technology
. Flexible Fixturing
. Assembly Systems
. Design Considerations for Fixturing, Assembly, Disassembly, and Servicing
. Economic Considerations
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Quantitative Problems Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Computer-aided Manufacturing
. Introduction
. Manufacturing Systems
. Computer-integrated Manufacturing
. Computer-aided Design and Engineering
. Computer-aided Manufacturing
. Computer-aided Process Planning
. Computer Simulation of Manufacturing Processes and Systems
. Group Technology
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Computer-integrated Manufacturing
Systems
. Introduction
. Cellular Manufacturing
. Flexible Manufacturing Systems Contents
. Mass Customization
. Holonic Manufacturing
. Just-in-time Production
. Lean Manufacturing
. Communications Networks in Manufacturing
. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
. Economic Considerations
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Product Design and Manufacturing in
a Competitive Environment
. Introduction
. Product Design
. Product Quality
. Life-cycle Assessment and Sustainable Manufacturing
. Energy Consumption in Manufacturing
. Material Selection for Products
. Material Substitution
. Manufacturing Process Capabilities
. Process Selection
. Manufacturing Costs and Cost Reduction
Summary Key Terms Bibliography
Review Questions Qualitative Problems
Synthesis, Design, and Projects
Index
Case Studies
I. : Three-dimensional Printing of Guitars
I. : U.S. Pennies
I. : Saltshaker and Pepper Mill
. : Selection of Materials for Coins
. : Advanced High-strength Steels in Automobiles
. : Stainless Steels in Automobiles
. : Aluminum Production from Ore: The Hall-Heroult Process ´
. : The Tesla Model S
. : Dental and Medical Bone Cement
. : Materials for a Refrigerator Door Liner
. : Ceramic Knives
. : Ceramic Ball and Roller Bearings
. : Composite Military Helmets and Body Armor
. : Aluminum-matrix Composite Brake Calipers Contents
. : Composites in the Aircraft Industry
. : Lost-foam Casting of Engine Blocks
. : Investment Casting of Total Knee Replacements
. : Die Casting of a Headlight Mount
. : Die Cast Magnesium Liftgate
. : Illustrations of Poor and Good Casting Designs
. : Manufacture of a Stepped Pin by Heading and Piercing Operations
. : Suspension Components for the Lotus Elise Automobile
. : Manufacture of Aluminum Heat Sinks
. : Cold-extruded Part
. : Tailor-welded Sheet Metal for Automotive Applications
. : Manufacture of Food and Beverage Cans
. : Tube Hydroforming of an Automotive Radiator Closure
. : Computer-aided Incremental Sheet Forming
. : Cymbal Manufacture
. : Hot Isostatic Pressing of a Valve Lifter
. : Production of Tungsten Carbide for Tools and Dies
. : Powder Metallurgy Parts in a Snowblower
. : Production of High-temperature Superconducting Tapes
. : Polymer Automotive-body Panels Shaped by Various Processes
. : Manufacturing of Head ProtectorR Tennis Racquets
. : Metal-matrix Composite Brake Rotors and Cylinder Liners
. : Functional Prototyping
. : Production of Athletic Shoes
. : Casting of Plumbing Fixtures
. : Implications of Powder Reuse
. : Brake Disk Machining
. : Bone Screw Retainer
. : Broaching Internal Splines
. : Ping Golf Putters
. : Machining of Aerospace Structures from Monolithic Extruded Aluminum
. : Machining Outer Bearing Races on a Turning Center
. : Gear Grinding with Engineered Abrasives
. : Electrochemical Machining of a Biomedical Implant
. : Manufacturing of Small Satellites
. : A Flexible ArduinoR
. : Digital Micromirror Device
. : Photonic Integrated Circuits
. : Linear Friction Welding of Blanes and Blisks in a Jet Engine
. : Light Curing Acrylic Adhesives for Medical Products
. : Manufacture of Television Sets by Sony Corporation
. : Robotic Deburring of a Blow-molded Toboggan Preface
Index
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
A
Ablation, mold,
Abrasion theory of friction,
Abrasive(s),
belts,
-flow machining,
grains,
-jet machining,
machining,
water-jet machining,
wear,
Absorbed layer,
Accelerated
life testing semiconductor
devices,
strain aging,
Acceptance
quality level,
sampling,
Accuracy, ,
Acetal clear epoxy solid injection
molding,
Acetals,
Acetylene,
Acoustic
emission, ,
holography,
impact,
waves,
Acrylic adhesives, ,
Acrylics,
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene,

Adaptive control, ,
constraint,
gain scheduling,
optimization,
Addition polymerization,
Additive manufacturing, , ,
,
application,
CLIP process, –
complexity is free,
conformal cooling molds,
design for, –
economics, –
extrusion-based processes,
–
hybrid approaches, –
material jetting (MJ), –
methodology, –
photopolymerization, –
powder reuse, –
wire and arc,
Additive processes,
Additives
ceramics,
extreme-pressure,
oils,
plastics,
Adhesion theory of friction,
Adhesive(s), , –
bond,
bonding,
bonding, joint design,
tape,
wear,
Adjustable-force clamping,
Adjustable reamers,
Adsorbed gas,
Advanced
composites,
high-strength steels,
machining,
Advanced high strength steels
(AHSS),
Aerogels,
Age hardening,
Aggregation,
Agile manufacturing,
Aging,
Aging, strain,
Agitation,
Air
bending,
blanket,
carbon-arc cutting,
gages,
knife,
Aircraft, composites in,
AISI designations, steels, ,
Alclad,
Alkyds,
Alligatoring,
Allotropism,
Allowable wear land,
Allowance,
casting, –
forging,
Alloy,
Alloy steels,
Alloying,
elements,
elements in steels,
mechanical,
powder metals,
Alpha ferrite,
Alumina, –
Alumina-based ceramics,
Aluminosilicate glass,
Aluminum
abrasives, –
alloy designation,
and alloys, ,
alloys, manufacturing
characteristics,
alloys, mechanical properties,
automobile,
coatings, ,
-killed steel,
-matrix composite brake calipers,

oxide,
porous,
production,
Aminos,
Amorphous
alloys, , ,
polymers,
Amplification,
Anaerobic adhesives, ,
Analog
instruments,
sensors,
Angle
gage blocks,
measuring instruments,
milling cutters,
of twist,
Anion,
Anisotropic etching,
Anisotropy, ,
crystals,
normal,
planar,
ratio,
sheet metals, , ,
thermal expansion,
Index
Annealing, , –
of glass,
Anodic oxidation,
Anodizing,
Anthropomorphic end effectors,

Antioch process,
Antioxidants,
Anvil,
Apron,
Aramids, ,
Arbor cutters,
Arc
cutting,
deposition,
strikes,
Arc welding,
gas-tungsten,
heat transfer,
straight polarity,
Architectural bronze,
Arithmetic mean, ,
Arm and wrist, robots,
Arm spacing, dendrites,
Armchair, nanotube,
Arrowhead fracture,
Artificial
aging,
intelligence, , –
neural networks, ,
Artwork,
Ashing,
Aspect ratio,
Asperity, –
Aspiration,
Assembly, , , , –
automated systems, ,
design for,
economics,
efficiency,
machine tools,
Assignable variations,
ASTM designations
grain size,
for steels,
Astroloy,
Atomic
density,
-force microscope,
-hydrogen welding,
structure, metals,
Atomic layer deposition (ALD),

Atomization,
Atoms,
Attributes
design,
manufacturing,
Attritious grain wear,
Ausforming,
Austempering, –
Austenite,
former,
retained,
Austenitic stainless steels,
Austenitizing,
Autoclave,
Autocollimator,
Autogenous welds,
Automated
assembly, ,
guided vehicle,
inspection, , –
material handling,
measurement,
Automatic
bar machines,
handling,
lathes,
pallet changer,
storage and retrieval,
tool changer, ,
Automation, –
hard,
history,
implementation,
soft,
Automobile suspension, –
Availability of materials,
Average of averages,
B
Babbitts,
Back
etching,
rake angle,
striking,
tension,
Backlash,
Backward
extrusion,
spinning,
Bainite,
Baldrige Award,
Ball
bearing grinding,
burnishing,
grid array,
mill, –
Ballizing,
Ball-nose mill,
Bamboo defect,
Bambooing, plastics extrusion,
Band
files,
saw, ,
Bank sand,
Bar codes,
Barrel
finishing,
plating,
Barreling, , ,
Basal plane,
Base
metal, welding,
plate,
Basic
hole system,
-oxygen furnace, –
shaft system,
size,
Bat,
Batch furnace,
Batch production, , ,
Bauschinger effect,
Bauxite,
Beach marks, –
Beading,
Beads
draw,
foam molding,
Bearings, ceramic,
Bed,
Bed-of-nails device,
Bed-type milling machines,
Bell furnace,
Bellows manufacturing,
Belt
abrasive,
grinding,
Bench
grinder,
lathe,
Bend
allowance,
angle,
length,
radius,
tests,
welded joints,
Bendability,
Bending, ,
design guidelines,
force,
tubes and sections,
Beneficiated, Index
Bernoulli’s theorem,
Beryllium,
copper, ,
Bevel
cutting,
gears,
protractor,
Beveling of punches,
Big area additive manufacturing
(BAAM),
Big Data, , ,
Bilateral tolerance,
Bill of materials,
Billet, ,
Binary phase diagram,
Binder-jet Printing (BJP),
Binders
ceramics,
metal powders,
sand,
Bioceramics,
Biodegradable plastics,
Biological
cycle,
effects, metalworking fluids,
Biomedical implant,
Bioprinting,
Black ceramics,
Blackening,
Blanchard type grinder,
Blank,
design,
Blankholder,
Blanking,
chemical,
fine,
Blast furnace, –
Blasting, shot,
Bleeder cloth,
Blending, metal powders, –
Blends, polymer,
Blind
hole,
riser,
Blocking,
Bloom, ,
Blow
and blow process,
in castings,
molding,
ratio,
Blowholes,
Blowing, glass,
Blown film,
Blue
arc machining,
brittleness,
Bluing,
Body armor, –
Body-centered
cubic, – ,
tetragonal,
Bond fracture, grinding,
Bonded abrasives,
designations, –
Bonding
agents,
chips,
material,
polymers,
roll,
Bone screw retainer, –
Borazon,
Boring, , ,
bar,
machines,
mills,
Boron fibers,
Boronizing,
Borosilicate glass,
Boss,
Bottle manufacturing,
plastic,
Bottoming,
taps,
Bottom-up manufacturing,
Boundary
lubrication,
representation,
Box furnace,
Brake
calipers,
disk machining,
Branched polymers,
Brass,
mechanical properties,
Braze
metals,
welding,
Brazed joint strength,
Brazing, ,
cutting tools,
filler metals,
Break down, lubricant,
Bridge die,
Bridging,
Brinell
hardness,
test,
Brittle
fracture,
materials, testing,
Broaches,
Broaching, ,
machines,
Bronze,
mechanical properties,
Brush processing (plating),
Buckling,
Buckyballs,
Buffer,
layer,
storage,
Buffing,
Building-block principle,
Built-up edge, ,
chips, –
Bulge test,
Bulging, tubes,
Bulk
deformation processes,
micromachining,
-molding compound,
Bull block,
Bulletproof glass,
Bundle drawing,
Burden rate,
Burning, in grinding,
Burnishing, ,
gears,
Burr, , ,
drilling,
Bursting speed, grinding wheels,

Business-execution/planning
functions,
C
CAD systems,
CAD/CAM Systems,
Calcium-deoxidized steels,
Calendering,
Calibration,
Calipers,
Camber,
Canning,
Cans, manufacturing, –
Capacities, machine tools,
Capacitor-discharge stud welding,

Capacity planning,
Capillary action,
cutting tools,
Capital costs, ,
Capstan, Index
Carbides,
classification,
cutting tools,
Carbon
black,
foams,
footprint, ,
mechanical properties,
nanotubes, ,
steel, ,
Carbonitriding,
Carbonyls,
Carburized/carburizing, ,
flame,
Carriage,
Cartridge,
Cartridge brass,
Case hardening, , –
Cassiterite,
Cast
-cobalt alloy tools,
irons, , ,
steels,
Castability, ,
Casting(s), ,
alloys, –
in automobiles,
ceramics,
continuous,
defects, –
economics,
freeze,
of ingots,
insert,
inspection,
plastics, –
process,
characteristics,
of single crystals, –
Cation,
Cell design,
Cellular manufacturing, ,
Cellulosics,
Cemented carbides,
Cementite,
Center
-burst defect,
cracking, ,
drill,
-line average,
-type grinding,
Centerless grinding,
Centrifugal
atomization,
casting,
glass,
polymers,
spraying,
Centrifuge casting,
Ceramic(s),
bearings,
bond,
coatings, , , –
fibers,
friction of,
general characteristics,
general properties, –
gun barrels,
knives,
in machine tools,
-matrix composites, ,
processing,
mechanical properties, –
-mold process casting,
molds,
optical properties,
package,
physical properties,
processing,
-shell investment casting,
stiffness, –
structure,
wear of,
Cerium,
Cermets, , ,
C-frame press,
Chain-growth/reaction
polymerization,
Chain-type code,
Chamfer, cutting tools, ,
Chance variations,
Channel furnace,
Chaplets,
Charpy test,
Chatter
grinding,
machining,
marks, grinding,
milling,
rolling,
Checking, heat, ,
Cheeks,
Chemical
blanking,
cleaning,
machining, –
mechanical planarization,
mechanical polishing,
milling,
properties,
reaction priming,
sensors,
stability, tools,
synthesis,
tempering,
vapor deposition, , ,
–
vapor infiltration,
wear,
Chemically
assisted ion-beam etching,
reactive adhesives,
Chevron cracking,
Chill(s), ,
tempering,
zone,
Chip, machining, ,
breakers, , , ,
broaches,
collecting systems,
collection,
compression ratio,
curl,
depth of cut,
flow angle,
formation, abrasive wear,
formation, grinding,
management, ,
metal,
Chip on board,
Chipless tapping,
Chipping,
Chips,
computer,
metal,
Chiral, nanotube,
Chisel-edge angle,
Choke,
Chopped fibers,
Chromium
carbide,
plating,
in stainless steels,
Chuck,
Chuckers,
Chucking
machines,
reamers,
Chvorinov’s rule,
Circular
cutter,
interpolation,
saws,
tracing,
CLA Process, Index
Clad bonding,
Cladding, , ,
Clamps,
Classification and coding systems,

Clay,
Clean room,
Cleaning,
fluids,
mechanical,
processes,
Clearance, ,
angle,
in brazing,
fit,
Cleavage plane,
Climb milling, – ,
Clinching,
Closed-die forging,
Closed-loop control,
Cloud storage,
Cluster mill, ,
CLV Process,
Coalescence of voids,
Coarse pearlite,
Coated
abrasives,
electrode,
multiphase,
tools,
Coat-hanger die, –
Coatings
ceramic, , –
conversion,
for cutting tools,
metal, ,
for sheet metal,
Coaxial extrusion,
Cobots robots,
Cobalt, in tungsten carbide,
Cobalt-based superalloys,
Coding systems, ,
Coefficient of friction,
cutting,
measurement,
metals,
Coefficient of thermal expansion,
various materials,
Coextrusion, plastics,
Cogging,
Cogging mill,
Coin materials,
Coining, ,
Co-injection molding,
Coins,
Coke,
Cold
-box mold,
-chamber process, –
cracking, welds,
extrusion, ,
forging,
forming, plastics,
isostatic pressing,
-pressed ceramics,
roll forming,
rolling,
-runner mold,
saws,
-setting processes,
shape rolling,
shut,
welding,
working, ,
-work steels,
Collapsibility, sand,
Collapsible taps,
Collet,
Colloidal,
Colorants,
Coloring,
Columbium (niobium),
Column-and-knee type machine,

Columnar
dendrites,
grains, , ,
Combination square,
Combustion
spraying,
synthesis,
Commercially available shapes,

Comminution, ,
Common causes,
Communications
network,
standards,
Compacted-graphite iron, ,
Compaction of metal powders,
Compacts,
Comparative length measurement,

Comparators,
Complex-phase grade steels,
Compliant end effector, ,
Composite
advanced,
in aircraft, ,
ceramic-matrix,
characteristics,
coatings,
in machine tools,
materials,
metal-matrix,
molds, ,
processing,
properties,
strength,
Compound
dies,
rest,
semiconductor,
Compounded oils,
Compression
molding, ,
test,
Compressive strength, ceramics,

Computed tomography,
Computer
-assisted tomography,
-controlled lathes,
modeling, casting processes,
numerical control, , –
simulation,
vision,
Computer-aided
design, – ,
engineering, – ,
incremental sheet forming (ISF),
–
machining programming,
manufacturing, , ,
process planning, , ,
Computer-integrated
manufacturing, – , ,
,
Concurrent engineering,
Condensation polymerization,
Conditioning
grinding wheels,
of rolls,
Conducting polymers,
Conductive
films,
graphite fibers, –
Conductivity
electrical,
thermal,
Conductors,
Conformal cooling,
Constitutional diagram,
Constructive solid geometry,
Consumer’s risk, Index
Contact molding,
Contacts,
Continued improvement,
Continuous
casting, –
chips, –
fibers, ,
furnace,
improvement, , ,
path,
products,
systems, assembly,
Continuous liquid interphase
production (CLIP), –
Contour
cutting,
roll forming,
Contoured cooling,
Contouring
lathe,
system,
Contraction, solidification,
Control
adaptive,
charts, ,
limits,
numerical,
robots,
systems,
Controlled contact tools,
Controlled-metal buildup,
Conventional
milling, – , ,
spinning,
Conversion coatings, , ,

Conveyance card,
Coolants,
Cooling rate,
castings,
Coordinate measuring machine,

Cope,
Cope-and-drag investment casting,

Copolymers,
Copper
and alloys,
-based alloys casting,
designation,
electrolytic method,
mechanical properties,
production,
Core(s),
boxes,
drill,
furnace,
prints,
Cored dendrites,
Coreless induction furnace,
Corrosion, – ,
Corrosion test, weld,
Corrosive wear,
Corrugation process for
honeycombs,
Corundum, ,
Cost(s),
capital,
cutting tools,
fixed,
labor,
of materials, – ,
per volume, metals,
of processing,
reduction,
of scrap,
tooling,
Costing system,
Counterblow hammer,
Counterboring,
Countergravity low-pressure
process, –
Countersinking,
Covalent bond, , ,
Cracking
in extrusion,
stress corrosion, , ,
Cracks, ,
Cradle-to-cradle, ,
Crank press,
Crankshaft drill,
Crater wear,
Craters,
Crazing,
Creep, ,
rupture,
test, weld,
Creep-feed grinding,
Crevice corrosion, ,
Crimping,
Critical shear stress,
Cropping, ,
Cross
rolling,
slide, ,
Cross-feeding,
Cross-linked polymers,
Crown,
Crucible,
furnace,
Crush
dressing,
forming,
Crushing,
Cryogenic
diamond turning,
dry etching,
machining,
treatment, –
Crystal growing, ,
Crystal structure of metals,
Crystal-pulling method,
Crystallinity
degrees of,
in polymers,
Crystallites,
Crystallization shrinkage,
Crystallographic anisotropy, ,

Crystals, metals,
Cubic boron nitride, , ,
–
Cubic interpolation,
Cup, casting,
Cup-and-cone fracture,
Cupola,
Cupping tests,
Curie temperature,
Curing, thermosets,
Curl, chip,
Cutoff,
Cutting
depth, laser machining, –
-edge angle,
fluids,
effects,
time,
tool materials,
tools, reconditioning,
turning,
abrasive,
off,
in turning operation,
oxyfuel-gas,
saws for,
Cutting (machining),
forces,
power,
ratio,
temperature,
Cyaniding,
Cyanoacrylate adhesives, ,

Cyclic stresses,
Cylindrical grinding, Index
Cymbals, –
CZ process, ,
Czochralski process, ,
D
Damping
cast iron,
machine tools, ,
Data
acquisition system,
fusion,
input,
output,
processing,
Database,
Datum,
Dead center,
Dead-metal zone in extrusion,
Debinding,
Deburring, ,
Decarburization, ,
Decision-tree coding,
Dedicated
machines, ,
manufacturing lines,
Deep
design guidelines,
drawability,
drawing,
force,
reactive ion etching, ,
Defect(s), , ,
casting, –
drawing,
forging,
prevention,
Deflocculent,
Deformation
elastic,
plastic,
rate, –
single crystals,
Degradation, polymers, ,
Degree
of crystallinity, –
of polymerization, –
Delamination,
Delayed tack adhesives,
Delta ferrite,
Deming, W. E., ,
Deming’s fourteen points,
Dendrite,
multiplication,
Densification,
Density,
of ceramics,
of fibers,
powder metals,
of various metals,
Dent resistance,
Deoxidation,
Deposition,
Depth-of-cut,
Depth-of-cut line,
Derivative CAPP system,
Dermatitis,
Design
fixturing, –
heat treating,
service, ,
sheet-metal forming, –
Design attributes,
brazing,
guidelines, milling,
mechanical fasteners,
process, –
similarities,
Design considerations
boring,
broaching,
castings,
ceramics,
chemical machining,
composites processing,
drilling,
EDM,
electrochemical grinding,
electrochemical machining,
electron-beam machining,
extrusion,
gear machining,
glasses,
grinding,
laser-beam machining,
powder metallurgy, –
thread cutting,
turning,
ultrasonic machining,
Design for assembly (DFA), ,

Design for disassembly (DFD), ,

Design for the environment (DFE),

Design for manufacture and
assembly (DFMA),
Design for recycling (DFR),
Desktop machines,
Destructive testing,
welded joints,
Detonation gun,
Deviation-type measuring
instruments,
Devitrification,
Dial indicator, –
Diamond, , , –
abrasives,
coatings, ,
cutting tools,
film, free standing,
pyramid hardness test,
turning,
Diamond-edged blade,
Diamond-like carbon, ,
Diamond-wire saws,
Die
casting,
costs,
cutting,
extrusion,
failures,
forging,
insert, ,
materials, ,
microelectronics,
sinking, , ,
steels,
swell,
Die-head chaser,
Dielectric,
fluid,
strength,
Die-sinking machining centers,
Diffraction gratings,
Diffusion, ,
adhesives,
bonding, silicon,
bonding (welding),
brazing,
coating,
in crater wear,
in sintering,
Diffusion bonding,
Digital
instruments,
manufacturing, ,
radiography,
twin, ,
Digital micrometer,
Digital micromirror device,
Dimensional tolerance, ,
Dimples, in ductile fracture,
Dimpling, Index
Dip
brazing,
molding,
pen lithography,
Direct
AIM,
arc furnace,
current electrode negative
welding,
current electrode positive
welding,
emulsion,
extrusion, –
labor,
costs,
manufacturing,
measurement,
numerical control,
probe,
writing,
Direct light processing (DLP),
Directional solidification,
Directionality of surfaces,
Disassembly, design for, ,
Discontinuities, weld,
Discontinuous chips, ,
Discontinuous fibers,
Discrete products,
Disk test,
Disk-type files,
Dislocation movement,
Dislocations,
Dispersed particles,
Dispersion, , –
Distortion welds,
Distributed numerical control,
Distribution, statistical,
Dividers,
Dividing head,
Doctor-blade process,
Dolomite,
Domain,
Dopants, , ,
Doping, ,
Double exposure (DE),
Double patterning (DP),
Double-action press,
Double-sided polishing,
Dough-molding compounds,
Dovetail,
Down milling,
Downtime,
Draft, in rolling,
Draft angle
castings,
forging,
Drag,
Drag lines,
Drain casting,
Drapping,
Draw
beads,
bench,
cut,
Draw-in collet,
Drawing, , –
exchange format,
force,
glass,
strip,
tempering,
tube,
Drawing out, in forging,
Drawing, rod and wire,
Dreamer,
Dressing,
Drift,
Drift pin,
Drill(s),
chucks,
life,
press,
reconditioning,
Drilling, , ,
forces,
machines,
torque,
Drive-in diffusion,
Drop forging,
Drop hammer,
Dross,
Dry
chemical etching,
drawing,
etching,
machining,
oxidation,
pressing ceramics,
spinning, –
stripping,
wet spinning,
Drying ceramics,
Dual ion-beam deposition,
Dual-in-line package,
Dual-phase steels,
Ductile
fracture,
iron, ,
Ductile-regime
cutting,
grinding,
Ductility,
Dummy
bar,
block,
Duplex structure stainless steels,

Duplicating lathe,
Durometer, ,
Dwell,
Dyes, polymers,
Dynamic
compaction,
feedback,
loading,
random access memory,
stiffness,
Dysprosium,
E
Earing,
E-commerce,
Economics
advanced machining,
assembly,
casting,
composites processing,
forging,
gear machining,
grinding,
joining, –
machining,
powder metallurgy,
sheet-metal forming, –
welding,
E-CR glass,
Eddy-current inspection,
Edge
dislocation,
rounding,
Edger mills,
Edging,
EDM sawing,
EFAB,
Effects of alloying elements in
steels,
Efficiency, welding,
assembly,
E-glass,
Ejectors (knockout) casting,
– , Index
Elastic
deformation,
modulus,
various materials,
Elastomer, ,
processing, –
Electric furnace,
Electrical
conductivity,
properties,
resistivity,
sensors,
spraying,
various materials,
Electrical-discharge
grinding,
machining,
wire cutting,
Electrically assisted forming (EAF),

Electrically conducting
adhesives,
ceramics,
polymers,
Electric-arc furnace,
Electric-discharge forming,
Electrochemical
discharge grinding,
fabrication,
grinding,
honing,
machining,
Electrocoating,
Electrode
coatings,
nonconsumable,
tungsten,
wear EDM, –
Electrodeposit,
Electrodes,
advanced machining, –
Electrodischarge machining,
Electroforming, ,
Electrogas welding,
Electrohydraulic forming,
Electroless plating,
Electrolyte, ,
Electrolytic
cleaning,
copper,
deposition,
method,
trepanning,
Electromagnetic bonding,
Electromagnetically assisted
forming,
Electromigration,
Electron beam
cutting,
deposition,
hardening,
lithography, ,
machining,
melting,
welding,
Electronic gages,
Electronic-grade silicon,
Electroplating, ,
Electropolishing,
Electrorheological fluid,
Electrorheostatic,
Electroslag welding,
Electrostatic spraying,
Elements, in steel,
Elevator furnace,
Elongation, – ,
various materials, ,
Embossing,
Embrittlement,
Emery, ,
Emery cloth, ,
Emulsification,
Emulsion(s), , ,
Enameling,
Enamel(s), , ,
Encapsulation,
Encoder,
End
compliant,
cutting edge angle,
effector,
grains,
milling, ,
relief angle,
End-feed grinding,
End-of-arm tooling,
End-quench hardenability test,
Endurance limit,
vs. tensile strength,
Energy
consumption,
content, in materials,
limited,
Engine lathe,
Engineered materials, , ,
Engineering
ceramics,
materials,
metrology,
strain,
stress,
Enterprise resource planning,
Environmental
effects, ,
issues,
management system,
Environmentally conscious design
and manufacturing,
Environmental-stress cracking,
Epitaxy,
Epoxies,
Epoxy-based adhesives,
Equiaxed grains, ,
Equilibrium diagram,
Ergonomics,
Erosion,
in forging dies,
Erosive wear,
Esteem value,
Etch stop,
Etchants,
Etching, –
Ethernet,
Eutectic,
point,
Eutectoid, ,
Evaporation,
Evaporative
adhesives,
pattern casting processes,
Exchange specifications, –
Execution functions,
Exothermic reaction,
Expandable pattern casting,
–
Expansion
process for honeycombs,
reamers,
Expendable molds, –
Experimental design, ,
Expert systems, , –
software,
Explosion welding,
Explosive
compaction,
forming, –
hardening,
External damping,
Extreme
pressure additives,
ultraviolet lithography,
Extruder, Index
Extrusion, –
blow molding,
ceramics,
constant,
defects, –
equipment, –
force,
hot,
hydrostatic, ,
impact,
mushy state,
plastics,
powder metals,
ratio,
F
Face
grooving,
milling,
plate,
Face-centered cubic, – ,
Facing,
Factorial design,
Failure,
Failure rate, integrated circuits,
Families of parts,
Fasteners,
Fastening, mechanical,
Fatigue, ,
effect of manufacturing process,

failure,
improvement, –
limit,
strength,
thermal, , ,
wear,
Feature,
Feed,
force,
marks, ,
rate,
rod,
Feedback
control,
devices,
Feeders,
Feedstock, metal powders,
Feldspar, ,
Fermentation,
Ferrimagnetism,
Ferrite,
stabilizer,
Ferritic
gray cast iron, ,
stainless steels,
Ferromagnetism,
Ferrous alloys,
casting, –
Ferrule,
Fiber, strength
impregnation,
length, –
optic beam,
properties,
pullout, ,
size, –
strength,
Fiberglass,
Fibering, mechanical, , ,
Fiber-reinforced
epoxies, –
plastics,
Fibers, ,
glass,
reinforcing,
Fibrous, –
Field effect transistor,
Filament winding,
File transfer protocol,
Files,
Filing,
Filled gold,
Filler
metal, , ,
rod,
wire, ,
Fillers, in polymers,
Film
deposition,
extrusion,
Films, blown,
Fine
blanking,
ceramics,
pearlite,
Finish machining,
Finishing
of castings,
ceramics,
cut,
gears,
operations,
powder metallurgy,
processes,
Fire polishing,
glass,
Firing,
First generation AHSS,
First Industrial Revolution, ,
Fir-tree cracking,
Fishtailing,
Fit,
Fixed
automation,
costs, ,
gages,
Fixed-position automation,
Fixed-sequence robot,
Fixtures, flexible,
Flakes,
Flame
cutting,
hardening, –
retardants,
Flammability, polymers,
Flanging,
Flank wear,
Flaring,
Flash
in casting,
in forging,
in friction welding, –
in plastic molding, ,
welding,
Flashless forging,
Flask,
Flaskless molding,
Flat
areas, casting,
ceramic package,
rolling,
Flat-die forging,
Flatness,
Flattening
by bending,
by roller leveling,
of rolls,
Flaws,
Flexibility in manufacturing, ,

Flexible
arduino, –
assembly systems,
automation,
basic elements,
cell, –
fixturing,
lines,
manufacturing, –
system, ,
Flexible hybrid electronic (FHE),
–
Flexographic printing technique,

Flexure, Index
Flights,
Flint,
Flip-chip on board,
Float glass,
Floating mandrel,
Floating-zone method,
Flooding,
Floorstand grinders,
Flow
line, ,
stress,
turning,
of value streams,
Fluid
flow, in casting,
forming,
Fluidity
molten metal,
tests,
Fluidized bed,
Fluorescent penetrants,
Fluorocarbons,
Fluoroscopes,
Flushing casting,
Flute,
Fluted reamers,
Flux, , , , ,
Flux-cored arc welding, –
Fluxless soldering,
Fly cutting,
Flyer plate,
Foam molding, –
Foil,
Folds,
Follow rest,
Force
drawing,
forging,
milling,
rolling,
Forced vibration,
Forgeability, –
Forging, ,
closed-die,
defects,
economics,
force, ,
impression-die,
isothermal,
lubricants,
machines,
open-die,
orbital,
powder metals,
precision,
Form
block,
cutting,
grinding, , ,
milling,
tool, ultrasonic machining,
tools, ,
Formability test, sheet metals,
Forming
processes,
tap,
Forming-limit diagrams, –
Forward
extrusion,
slip,
Foundations, machine tools,
Foundries,
Four-high
mill,
rolling mill,
Four-jaw chuck,
Four-point bending,
Four-slide machine,
Fourteen points, Deming,
Fracture,
of abrasive grains,
of cutting tools,
ductile,
reinforced plastics,
stress,
surfaces, , –
toughness test, welded joints,
Free
bending,
trade,
Free-cutting wheels,
Free-form fabrication,
Free-machining steels,
Freestanding diamond film,
Freeze casting, – ,
Freezing range,
Frequency distribution,
Fretting corrosion,
Friability, ,
Friction,
angle, cutting, ,
blanes and blisks in jet engine,
–
in ceramics,
force,
hill,
inertia, –
linear,
loss, casting,
measurement,
in metals,
in plastics,
reduction,
sawing, ,
stir extrusion,
stir modelling,
stir welding,
welding,
Front tension,
Frost line,
Fuel gas,
Full
annealing,
indicator movement,
Fullerenes,
Fullering,
Full-mold process,
Functional
dimension,
layout,
Functionally graded carbides,
Furnace brazing,
Furnaces
melting, ,
atmosphere, –
heat treating,
Fused
alumina,
deposition modeling,
silica,
Fusion,
welding, ,
weld joints,
characteristics,
G
Gage,
blocks,
length, ,
maker’s rule,
numbers, rolling,
Gages,
Gain,
Galena,
Galling,
Gallium arsenide,
Galvanic corrosion,
Galvanized steel,
Galvanizing, ,
Gamma iron,
Gang
drilling,
mandrel,
Gantry robot,
Gap bed lathe,
Garnet, Index
Gas
atomization,
metal-arc welding,
tungsten-arc welding,
Gases in casting,
Gate, ,
Gate oxide,
Gates, in casting,
Gating system,
Gaussian,
G-code,
Gear manufacturing
form cutting,
generating,
rolling,
shaper,
teeth, measurement,
Gear grinding
engineered abrasives,
Gears
bevel,
finishing,
grinding,
quality,
Gel spinning,
Gels,
Generating gears, ,
Generative CAPP system,
Gentle grinding,
Geometric
dimensioning,
modeling,
tolerancing, ,
Germanium,
Giant molecules, , ,
GLARE,
Glass(es), ,
ceramics, , ,
extrusion,
fibers, , ,
former,
forming,
as lubricants, ,
mechanical properties, –
physical properties, –
point,
tempered,
transition temperature, –
tubes and rods, –
wool,
Glassy behavior,
Glaze,
Glazing,
of grinding wheels,
Global competitiveness,
Globular transfer,
GO gage,
Gob, glass,
Gold,
Golf club, –
Good statistical control,
Goodyear, C.,
Grain,
boundary(ies), ,
embrittlement,
sliding, ,
columnar,
depth of cut,
flow pattern,
force, grinding,
fracture, bonded abrasives,
growth,
sheet metals,
size,
number,
structure, casting,
Grand average,
Granite-epoxy composite in
machine tools,
Granular flux,
Graphene,
Graphite, ,
fibers, ,
production,
foams,
lubricant,
Graphitization,
Gravity
drop hammer,
effects in casting,
peening,
segregation,
Gravure printing technique,
Gray cast iron, ,
Greases,
Green
ceramics,
compact,
density,
design, ,
engineering,
molding sand,
strength,
Grindability,
Grindable ceramics, ,
Grinding
chatter,
economics,
fluids,
forces,
process,
ratio,
safety,
specific energy,
temperature,
wheels, ,
selection,
Grit
blasting,
number,
Grooving,
Group
cell design,
layout,
machine cell,
technology, , –
Guerin process,
Guideways, machine tools,
Gun
drilling,
trepanning,
Gutter,
H
Hacksaws,
Hafnium nitride,
Half nut,
Hall-Heroult process, – ´
Hall-Petch effect,
Hammers, forging,
Hand layup molding,
Hard
automation,
facing,
machining,
turning,
Hard-acting wheel,
Hard-ball model,
Hard-chromium plating,
Hardenability,
band,
Hardening
case,
explosive,
spark,
Hard-mold casting,
Hardness, ,
ceramics,
conversion chart,
gradient,
hot,
indenters, –
and strength,
Hardness scales, Index
Hardness tests, ,
vs. strength,
various materials,
Hardwired controls,
Hastelloy,
Head,
Headers,
Heading,
Headstock,
Health hazards,
polymers,
Heat,
checking, , , ,
grinding,
sinks,
transfer,
in casting, –
treating laser beams,
treatment,
ferrous alloys,
nonferrous alloys,
Heat-affected zone, , – ,

sawing,
Heat-resistant alloys,
Heat-treating furnaces,
Helix angle,
Helmets, composite, –
Hematite,
Hemming,
Heterogeneous nucleation,
Heuristic,
Hexagonal close-packed, ,
Hexapod machines,
HEXSIL,
Hierarchical coding,
High pressure, high temperature
synthesis,
High value added products,
High-carbon steel,
High-efficiency
machining range,
particulate air filter,
High-frequency
induction welding,
resistance welding,
High-pressure cutting fluid
systems,
High-removal-rate machining,
High-speed
automated assembly, –
end milling,
machining,
steels, ,
tapping,
High-strength
low-alloy steels,
steels, mechanical properties,
High-tech ceramics,
High-temperature alloys,
casting,
High-temperature superconductor
(HTSC),
High-velocity oxyfuel gas
spraying,
Hinge, surface micromachining,

History
of automation,
of manufacturing, , –
Hob,
Holarchical manufacturing
systems,
Hold-down ring,
Hole
making,
preparation,
Hole-basis system,
Holemaking,
Hollow end mill,
Holographic interferometry,
Holography,
Holonic manufacturing, –
Homogeneous nucleation,
Homologous temperature,
Homopolymer,
Honeycomb manufacturing,
–
Honing,
gears,
Hooke’s Law,
Hooker process,
Hopper,
Horizontal
boring machines,
shaper,
upsetters,
Horizontal-spindle machining
centers,
Host atoms,
Hot
ceramics,
cracking, welds,
dipping,
extrusion,
forging,
hardness, ,
isostatic pressing,
machining,
melt adhesives,
metal,
pressing ceramics,
roll bonding,
rolling, ,
shortness, ,
spots,
stamping,
tearing,
working,
Hot-chamber process,
Hot-die forging,
Hot-plate welding,
Hot-pressed ceramics,
Hot-runner mold,
Hot-tool welding,
Hot-twist test,
Hot-work steels,
Hourly wages,
Hubbing, ,
Human factors engineering,
Hybrid
approaches,
bearings,
coding,
machining systems,
Hydraulic press,
Hydrodynamic machining,
Hydroform process, –
Hydrogels,
Hydrogen embrittlement,
Hydrometallurgy,
Hydroplastic forming,
Hydroplasticity,
Hydrospinning,
Hydrostatic pressure
effects of,
extrusion, ,
Hygroscopic,
Hypertext transfer protocols,
Hysteresis, elastomers,
I
Ice-cold molding,
Identify, value,
IGES,
Immersion lithography,
Impact,
extrusion,
forging,
loading,
molding,
plating,
strength,
tests,
toughness,
wear, Index
Imperfections,
in crystals,
Impregnation,
Impression-die forging,
Impurities,
Inclination angle,
Inclusions, , , ,
bending,
effect on properties, –
role in fracture, –
welding,
Incoloy,
Incomplete
fusion,
penetration,
Inconel,
Incremental
forging,
forming,
Indentation geometry,
Indenters, –
Index head,
Indexing,
tools,
Indirect
arc furnace,
emulsion,
extrusion,
labor costs, , –
measurement,
Induction
brazing,
furnace, ,
hardening, –
heating,
welding,
Industrial
ceramics,
cycle,
diamond, ,
Revolution, ,
robots, ,
in assembly,
Inertia friction welding, –
Infeed grinding,
Infiltration,
Infrared
brazing,
radiation,
Ingots
casting,
single crystal silicon,
Initial Graphics Exchange
Specification,
Initiator, polymers,
Injection
blow molding,
molding
ceramics,
machines,
plastics,
powder metals,
refining,
Inkjet printing technique,
Inks, R R processing
silver nanoparticles,
indium tin oxide,
organic polymers,
inorganic semiconductors,
electroluminescent,
In-line indexing,
Inoculant,
Inorganic adhesives,
In-process inspection, ,
Insert molding,
Inserts,
casting,
cutting tools,
forging die,
Inspection, ,
automated,
castings,
Insulators,
Integral transfer devices,
Integrated
circuits,
mills,
snap fasteners,
Integrated Computational
Materials Engineering
(ICME), ,
Intelligent
fixturing,
robot,
Interactive computer graphics,

Interchangeable,
Interchangeable parts,
Interconnection,
Interference,
fit,
fringe,
Interferometry,
Intergranular
attack,
fracture,
Intermediate shape,
Intermediates, glass,
Intermetallic compounds,
Internal
cracking,
damping,
grinding,
thread rolling,
International Standards
Organization (ISO),
International tolerance grade,
Internet tools,
Internet of Things (IoT), , ,
–
Interpolation,
Interposerless, structure,
Interstitial,
solid solutions,
Invar, ,
Inventory,
Inventory control,
Inverse
lever rule,
segregation,
Inverted extrusion,
Investment casting, –
total knee replacements, –
Ion implantation, , – ,

Ion plating, –
Ion-beam lithography,
Ion-beam-enhanced deposition,

Ionic bond, ,
Iron,
Iron-based superalloys,
Iron-carbon system,
Ironing, ,
Iron-iron carbide phase diagram,

ISO standard,
ISO standard,
Isolation layer,
Isostatic pressing,
ceramics,
Isothermal
forging,
transformation diagram,
Isotropic,
etching,
Izod test,
J
Jacketing,
Jaws
chuck, –
soft,
Jet engine,
Jet fusion, Index
Jiggering, ,
Jigs,
Job shop, , ,
Joining,
ceramics,
economics, –
glasses,
of plastics,
processes, ,
thermosets,
Joint design,
adhesive bonding,
brazing,
mechanical fastening,
soldering,
Jominy test,
Juran, J. M., , –
Just-in-time, , ,
K
Kaikaku,
Kaizen, ,
Kanban,
Kaolinite,
Keltool process,
Kerf, , , , ,
Kevlar,
Keyhole technique,
Key-seat cutters,
Killed steel,
KK- coding,
Knee,
Knives,
Knoop test,
Knowledge engineering,
Knowledge-based system,
Knuckle-joint press,
Knurling, ,
Kovar,
Kroll process,
L
Labor
costs, ,
intensive,
Lacquers,
Lactic base system, polymers,
Ladle metallurgy,
Lake sand,
Lamellar tears,
Laminar flow casting,
Laminate,
Laminated
glass,
object manufacturing,
structures,
Lampblack,
Lance,
Lancing,
Land,
drawing die, ,
in extrusion,
forging die, ,
wear,
Lanthanum,
Lapping,
gears,
Laps,
Laser
cladding,
cutting,
forming,
GMAW,
interferometry,
microjet,
micrometer, –
peening,
surface treatment,
types,
Laser-beam
cutting, ,
hardening,
machining,
torch,
welding,
Laser-engineered net shaping,
Latent heat
of fusion,
of solidification,
Lateral extrusion,
Latex, ,
Lathe, ,
Lattice structure,
Lay,
symbols,
Layered structure,
Layout
functional,
group,
Layup,
Leaching,
Lead,
alkali glass,
angle,
free solders, ,
free steels,
screw, ,
time,
Leaded steels,
Lean
manufacturing, –
production,
Leathery behavior, –
Leeb test, ,
Lehr,
LELE process,
Length,
Lettering, in castings,
Leveling rolls,
Lever rule, –
Levitation melting,
Life cycle, ,
Life expectancy of products,
Life-cycle engineering,
LIGA,
Light metals,
Limestone,
Limit dimensions,
Limiting drawing ratio,
Limits,
Limonite,
Line
representation,
width,
Linear
defect,
elastic,
friction welding,
interpolation,
motion drives, machine tools,
polymers,
variable differential transformer,

Linearity,
Line-graduated instruments,
Lip-relief angle,
Liquid
penetrants,
phase,
Liquid-metal
embrittlement,
epitaxy,
forging,
processing,
sintering,
Liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE),
Liquid-phase sintering,
Liquid-solid processing,
Liquid-solid-state bonding,
Liquid-surface acoustical
holography,
Liquidus,
Lithium,
Lithium aluminum silicate, Index
Lithium carbonate,
Lithium stearate,
Lithography,
electron-beam,
extreme ultraviolet,
immersion,
ion-beam,
multilayer X-ray, –
nanoimprint,
reduction,
soft,
X-ray,
Live center,
Loading
grinding wheels,
Local area network,
Lock
seams,
washer,
Logarithmic strain,
Long
fibers,
freezing range,
Long-chain molecules,
Loss
cost,
of quality,
Lost-foam process, –
Lost-pattern casting,
Lost-wax process, –
Lot size, , ,
Low alloy steels,
Low-carbon steel,
Lower
control limit,
specification limit,
Low-expansion alloys,
Low-melting alloys,
Low-pressure
casting,
chemical-vapor deposition,
plasma spray,
Low-stress grinding,
Low-temperature superconductor
(LTSC),
Lubricant(s), ,
blending metal powders,
break down,
forging,
selection,
Lubrication,
boundary,
extrusion,
mixed,
regimes,
thin film,
Luder’s bands, ¨
M
Machinability, ,
various materials,
Machinable
ceramics, , ,
jaws,
Machine
reamers,
tools, structures,
vision, , ,
Machine tools, , , , ,

Machining, , ,
advanced,
allowance,
centers, ,
cost,
economics,
of aerospace structures, –
processes, , –
Machinist’s rule,
Macromanufacturing,
Macromolecules,
Macrosegregation,
Magazine, machine tool, ,
Magnesium and magnesium
alloys, ,
designation,
mechanical properties,
production,
Magnesium liftgate, die casting,

Magnetic
particle inspection,
properties, –
sensors,
suspension,
Magnetic-field-assisted polishing,

Magnetic-float polishing,
Magnetic-pulse forming,
Magnetorheological fluid,
Magnetorheostatic,
Magnetostriction,
Magnetron sputtering,
Magnification,
Make coat,
Malcolm Baldrige Award,
Malleable iron, ,
Mandrel, , , , , ,
,
Manipulator, ,
Mannesmann process,
Manual assembly, ,
Manufacturing,
attributes,
cell, , ,
characteristics of materials,
communications networks,
costs, ,
distributed,
food and beverage cans,
history, , –
holon,
plants,
process
capabilities,
selection, –
properties,
resource planning,
systems,
trends, –
Manufacturing execution system
(MES),
Manufacturing readiness level
(MRL),
Maraging,
Marking,
laser-beams,
Martempering,
Martensite,
Martensitic
grade steels,
gray cast iron, ,
stainless steels,
Mash seam welding,
Mask,
Maskants,
Masking,
Masonry drills,
Mass
continuity,
customization, , –
production, , ,
Masticated,
Match-plate pattern,
Material,
cost, ,
handling, , ,
jetting,
movement,
removal rate
drilling,
electrical-discharge grinding,

electrical-discharge machining,
Index
electrochemical machining,
milling,
turning, –
selection, ,
substitution, , –
Material-requirements planning,

Matrix,
materials,
Mats,
Maximum
production,
roughness height,
Measurement standards,
Measuring
instrument characteristics,
machines,
Mechanical
alloying,
assembly,
cleaning,
fastening,
fibering, , , ,
plating,
press, ,
properties, , ,
ceramics,
glass,
polymers,
powder metals,
stainless steels,
steels, ,
of various materials,
sensors,
shock,
surface treatments,
Mechanization, ,
Medium
batch,
temperature CVD,
Medium-carbon steel,
Melamine,
Melt spinning, ,
Melting
point,
various materials, –
practice,
temperature, polymers,
Merchant model,
Mesoscale manufacturing, –
Mesomanufacturing, ,
Metal
bond,
coating,
flow pattern, extrusion,
foams,
inert-gas welding,
paddings,
powder spraying,
powders,
particle shape,
particle size,
production,
stitching,
Metal-injection molding,
Metallic
bond,
films,
glasses, ,
projections,
Metallization, integrated circuits,

Metallizing,
Metallurgical
burn,
transformation,
Metal-matrix composite, ,
brake calipers,
processing,
Metal-oxide semiconductor,
field effect transistor,
Metalworking fluids,
Metamaterials, –
Metastable,
Meter,
Method
of attributes,
of variables,
Metrology,
Microabrasive blasting,
Microabrasive-flow machining,
Microalloyed steels,
Microchip,
Microchipping,
Microcontact printing,
Microelectromechanical
device, ,
system, , ,
Microelectronic device,
Microelectronics,
Microencapsulated powders,
Microforming,
Micrograin carbides,
Microhardness,
Microjet,
Micromachining, –
bulk,
surface,
Micromanufacturing,
Micromechanical device, , ,

Micrometer,
depth gage,
laser scan,
Micromolding in capillaries,
Microporosity,
Microreplication,
Microscopes,
Microsegregation,
Microstereolithography, ,
Microtransfer molding,
Microwave sintering, ,
Microwelds,
Mil standard rule,
Mild wear,
Mill, rolling,
Milling,
ceramics,
cutters,
forces,
machines,
torque,
MIMIC,
Mineral oils,
Minimills,
Minimum
bend radius, –
cost,
quantity lubrication,
Miscible blends,
Misrun,
Mist,
Mixed lubrication,
Mobile robot,
Mode size, metal powders,
Modeling,
casting,
Modified martempering,
Modifiers, glass,
Modular,
construction,
fixturing,
Module, ,
Modulus
of elasticity,
polymers,
various materials,
of resilience,
of rigidity,
of rupture,
Mohs hardness,
Moisture
in ceramics,
effect on polymers, Index
Mold(s), ,
ablation,
casting,
layout, casting,
wash,
Molecular
beam epitaxy,
weight, polymers,
Molecule,
MolTun,
Molybdenum, –
Molybdenum disulfide,
Monel,
Monocode,
Monomer,
Moore’s Law,
MOSFET,
Mounted wheels,
Move card,
M-series high-speed steels,
MTConnect,
Mullite,
Multiaxis EDM wire-cutting
machining centers,
MultiClass coding,
Multicomponent injection
molding,
MultiJet modeling,
Multilayer
blow molding,
X-ray lithography,
Multilayered board,
Multiphase coatings,
Multiple-pass welding,
Multiple-spindle automatic bar
machines,
Multi-walled nanotubes,
Mushy
state,
state processing,
zone,
N
Nano particle jetting (NPJ),
Nanoalloyed steels,
Nanoceramics,
Nanocrystalline materials, –
Nanogrinding,
Nanoimprint lithography,
Nanolayer coatings,
Nanolithography,
dip pen,
Nanomanufacturing, ,
Nanomaterial cutting tools,
Nanomaterials,
health hazards,
Nanophase,
ceramics, , ,
Nanopowders,
Nanoscale manufacturing,
Nanostructured materials,
Nanotubes,
Natural
adhesives,
aging,
language processing,
rubber,
strain,
Naturally bonded sand,
Naval brass,
Near-dry machining,
Near-net shape
forming,
manufacturing,
Necking, , ,
sheet metals,
strain,
Negative springback,
Neodymium,
Nesting,
Net shape
casting,
forming, ,
manufacturing, ,
Network polymers,
Neural networks, , –
Neurons,
Neutral
axis,
flame,
point,
Nextel,
Nib,
Nibbling, –
Nichrome,
Nickel and alloys,
Nickel-based superalloys,
Nimonic,
Niobium (columbium),
Nitinol,
Nitrides, , ,
Nitriding,
Nitrogen-ion implantation,
No-bake mold,
Noble metals,
Nodular iron, ,
Noise in experimental design,
Nominal size,
Nominal stress,
Nonconsumable electrode,
Nondestructive
inspection, adhesives,
testing,
welded joints,
Nonferrous metals, –
casting,
Nonproductive labor, ,
Nonsynchronous system,
assembly,
Nontraditional machining,
Normal
anisotropy,
distribution curve,
force, cutting,
rake angle,
segregation,
Normalizing,
Nose
radius, ,
wear,
No-slip point,
NOT GO gage,
Notch
sensitivity,
wear,
Notched specimen,
Notching,
No-wear EDM,
Nucleating agent,
Nucleation, ,
Nugget, weld,
Numerical control, ,
computer,
direct,
distributed,
programming for, –
Numerically controlled robot,
Nylons,
O
Oblique cutting,
Offset,
Oils,
cutting,
One and done,
One-piece pattern,
Online
inspection,
sensor systems,
On-line inspection,
Open riser,
Open-back inclinable press,
Open-die forging,
Open-hearth furnace,
Open-loop control,
Open-mold processing, Index
Operation (routing) sheets,
Opitz, H.,
Optical
character recognition,
comparator,
contour projectors,
flat,
properties,
ceramics,
glasses,
polymers,
Optical-interference microscope,

Optimization, adaptive control,

Optimum
cutting speed, ,
die angle, in drawing,
tool life,
Orange peel, , ,
Orbital forging,
Order holon,
Organic
coatings, –
wheels,
Orientation
dependent etching,
polymers,
preferred,
Orthogonal arrays,
Osprey process,
Out of control,
Out of roundness,
Outsourcing, ,
Over-aging,
Overarm,
Overbending,
Overcontrol, –
Overcut,
Overhead, ,
Overlap,
Overmolding,
Oxalate coatings,
Oxidation, ,
dry,
wear,
wet,
Oxide
ceramics, –
films,
Oxide-powder-in-tube process,
Oxidizing flame,
Oxyacetylene flames,
Oxyfuel-gas
cutting,
welding,
Oxygen, embrittlement,
P
Pack rolling,
Packaging,
microelectronics, –
Painting,
Pallet, ,
changer,
Pancaking,
Paper clip,
Paperless design, ,
Parabolic interpolation,
Parametric model,
Parison,
Parsons, J. T.,
Part
families,
feeders,
programming,
Part size and dimensional
accuracy, –
Part-checking station,
Partially deoxidized steel,
Partially stabilized zirconia,
Particle size distribution,
Parting,
agent, ,
line,
casting, ,
forging,
Passivation, , ,
Pasty state,
Patenting,
Pattern
recognition,
taper,
Patternmaker’s shrinkage
allowance,
Patterns, casting,
Pay-off reel,
Pearlite, ,
Pearlitic gray cast iron, ,
Pedestal grinder,
Pedestal-type fixtures,
Peeling, adhesives,
Peen
forming,
plating,
Peening, shot, ,
Pellets,
Pencil source,
Penetrants, liquid,
Pennies,
Pepper mill,
Percussion welding,
Perfection,
Perforating,
Peripheral milling,
Permanent
deformation, ,
mold casting processes,
molds,
Permeability, sand,
Personal area networks, –
Pewter,
Phase,
diagrams, –
transformation,
Phase-change materials,
Phases,
Phenolic, ,
Phosphate
coating,
conversion coatings, ,
–
Phosphor bronze,
Photochemical
blanking,
machining,
Photoetching,
Photolithography,
Photomask,
Photonic integrated circuits,
–
Photopolymer,
Photoresist, ,
Physical
properties, , –
ceramics,
glasses, –
various materials, –
tempering,
vapor deposition, ,
Physical-chemical etching,
Pianola,
Pick-and-place robot,
Pickling,
Piece-part production,
Piercing,
sheet metal,
Piezoelectric effect,
Pig iron,
Pigments, polymers,
Pilger mill,
Pinch rolls,
Pin-grid array,
Pinion-shaped cutter, Index
Pinning,
Pipe
defect,
extrusion, plastics,
Piranha,
Pit furnace,
Pitch
in broaches, –
splitting,
Pits,
Pitting, ,
forging dies,
Plain milling,
machines,
Planar anisotropy, –
Planarization, ,
Plane of twinning,
Planer,
Planer-type milling machines,
Planetary mill,
Planing,
Planning functions,
Plant layout, ,
Plasma,
beams,
etching,
Plasma-arc
cutting, ,
welding,
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor
deposition,
Plaster-mold casting,
Plastic anisotropy,
Plasticating screw,
Plasticizers,
ceramics,
Plastic(s),
for coatings,
conducting,
deformation, , ,
polycrystalline metals,
forming, ceramics,
friction,
joining,
machining,
processing,
products, recommendations,
reinforced, –
structure,
wear,
Plastisols,
Plate
glass,
metal,
Plating
electroless,
electroplating,
mechanical,
Platinum,
Playback robot, –
Plowing,
in grinding,
Plug gages,
Plunge grinding, ,
Pneumatic gages,
Point
angle,
cloud,
defects,
Pointing,
Point-to-point
control,
robot,
Poisson’s ratio,
ceramics,
polymers,
various materials,
Poka-yoke,
Polarity,
Polishing,
Polyamides,
Polyblends,
Polycarbonates,
Polycodes,
Polycrystalline
cubic boron nitride,
diamond,
silicon,
Polycrystals,
Polyesters,
Polyethylenes,
Polygonization,
Polyimides,
Polyjet,
Polymer(s), , –
concrete in machine tools,
–
fibers,
fibers production,
matrix composites,
precursor,
processing,
quenchants,
structure,
Polymeric films,
Polymerization, –
degree of,
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA),

Polymorphic transformation,
Polymorphism,
Polypropylenes,
Polystyrenes,
Polysulfones,
Polyurethane,
Polyurethane foam molding,
Polyvinyl chloride,
Population,
Porcelain,
enamels, –
Porosity, ,
in casting, ,
injection molding,
in welds,
Porous aluminum,
Porous ceramics,
Portable grinders,
Porthole die,
Position measurement, –
Positional tolerancing,
Positioning
accuracy, –
system,
Postprocess inspection, ,
Potting,
Pouring basin (cup), ,
Pouring temperature,
Powder
forging,
injection molding,
metallurgy,
equipment,
rolling,
Powder Bed Processes, , ,
–
Powder-in-tube,
Power
brushing,
chucks, ,
cutting,
drop hammer,
in milling,
spinning,
Power-head units,
Prebaking,
Precious metals,
Precipitates,
Precipitation,
hardening,
stainless steels,
Precision, ,
casting,
forging, ,
machining, , Index
manufacturing,
metal deposition,
Precursor,
Preferential etching,
Preferred orientation,
Preforming, forging,
Prepregs,
Preshaping,
Press forming,
Press/presses
and blow process,
brake,
fitting,
hydraulic, ,
mechanical,
powder compaction,
types,
Pressing
ceramics,
glass,
Pressure
bag molding,
casting,
die casting,
gas welding,
pad,
pouring,
powder metal,
sensitive adhesives,
sintering,
Pressureless compaction,
Pressworking,
Prestige value,
Primary
bond, ,
shear zone,
Primitives of solids,
Printed
circuit board,
wiring board,
Printing techniques R R,
Probability,
Probes, ,
Process
capabilities, , ,
energy demand,
optimization,
planning,
reliability, –
selection, , –
similarities,
viability,
Processes substitution,
Producer’s risk,
Product
Data Exchange Specification,
design, , –
integrity,
liability, – ,
quality, , ,
reliability, –
Production,
card,
flow analysis,
holon,
machine tools,
quantity, , –
rate, ,
Productive labor, ,
Productivity,
Profile
drawing,
measurement,
milling machine,
Profilometer,
Programmable
automation,
logic controllers,
Programming
language,
for NC, –
Progressive dies,
Projection welding,
Projections, in casting,
Properties, materials, –
Properties, mechanical, ,
Proportional limit,
Prototype, ,
Protractor,
Proximity sensor,
Pseudo-isostatic pressing,
Puckering,
Pulforming,
Pull,
broach,
system,
Pulsed
electrochemical machining,
–
laser deposition,
Pultrusion,
Pulverization,
Punch and die materials, ,
Punch force,
Punching,
Pure metals,
Purging, casting,
Push
broach,
cut,
system,
Push-out collet,
Putter, –
Pyroceram,
Pyrolysis, ,
Pyrometallurgy,
Pyrophoric, ,
Q
QS standard,
Quality, , –
assurance, ,
standards,
circle,
control.
engineering, ,
management standards,
process certification, ,
revolution,
standards,
Quantity
of materials,
of production, –
Quartz,
Quenching,
media,
severity,
Quick die changing,
Quill,
R
Rack
plating,
shaper,
Radial
drill,
force,
forging,
Radiation effects,
Radiator, –
Radio frequency
sputtering, ,
tags,
Radiography, –
Rake angle, ,
Ram
extrusion,
forging machines,
Rammed graphite molding,
Ram-type turret lathe,
Random
assembly,
sampling, Index
Range,
Rapid
prototyping, ,
solidification, ,
tooling, , –
Rare-earth magnets,
Rare earth metals,
Reaction
bonding,
injection molding,
sintering,
Reactive
hot melt adhesives,
ion-beam etching,
plasma etching, –
sputtering,
Reagents,
Real area of contact,
Real-time inspection,
Reamers,
Rechargeable batteries,
Reciprocating extruder,
Reconditioning
of cutting tools,
drills,
Reconfigurable machines,
Recovery,
Recrystallization,
temperature,
Recycling, , – ,
plastics, –
Red brass,
Redrawing,
Reducing
flame,
friction, –
Reduction
of area,
lithography,
powder metals,
of waste,
Redundant work of deformation,

Refining steels,
Reflow soldering, ,
Refractory metals and alloys,
Refrigerator door liner,
Regenerative chatter, ,
Regimes of lubrication,
Registration,
Regulating wheel,
Reinforced plastics,
applications,
elastic modulus,
processing,
properties,
strength,
Reinforced wheels (grinding),
Reinforcing fibers,
Relative costs,
Release cloth,
Reliability, –
of material supply,
of supply,
Relief angle, ,
Rene, ´
Repair costs,
Repeat accuracy, ,
Repetitive stress syndrome,
Rephosphorized steels,
Replicast C-S process,
Reshoring, ,
Residual elements, steels,
Residual stresses, –
bending, –
glasses,
grinding,
reduction of,
rod drawing,
rolling,
welding,
Resinoid bond,
Resin-transfer molding,
Resistance
brazing,
projection welding,
welding,
high-frequency,
projection,
seam,
spot,
Resistivity, electrical,
Resolution, ,
Resolver,
Resource holon,
Response time,
Resulfurized steels,
Resultant force,
Retained austenite,
Reticle,
Return
on investment,
on quality, , –
Reverse
extrusion,
redrawing,
Reversing mill, ,
Reynolds number,
RF sputtering,
Rheocasting, ,
Ribs, casting,
Rifling, ,
Rimmed steel,
Ring
compression test,
gages,
rolling, –
Riser design,
Risers, ,
Rivets,
Robot(s),
assembly,
safety,
Robotic
assembly,
deburring,
Robust sensors,
Robustness, ,
Rocker-arm,
Rockwell
hardness,
test, –
Rod
drawing,
straightening,
Roll
bending,
bonding, –
compaction,
densification,
flattening,
forging,
forming,
design guidelines,
gap,
grinder,
materials,
spot welding,
stand,
welding,
Roll-to-roll printing, –
uses of inks, –
techniques,
Roller
burnishing,
leveling,
Rolling
glass,
metal powder,
metals,
mills,
Rollover,
Roll-pass design,
Room-temperature vulcanizing,
Index
Root-mean-square average,
Rose reamer,
Rotary
encoder,
files,
forging,
indexing,
screen printing technique,
swaging,
table grinding,
table milling machine,
tube piercing, –
ultrasonic machining,
Rotational molding, –
Rotogravure printing technique,

Rough machining,
Roughing cut,
Roughness,
height,
various processes,
Roundness,
Routing sheet,
Roving,
Rubber(s),
bond,
forming,
modified polymers,
Rubbery behavior,
Rule,
of ,
Ruler,
Runner system,
Runnerless mold,
Runners,
in casting,
Running-in, ,
S
Sacrificial anode,
Saddle,
Saddle-type turret lathe,
SAE designations,
Safety
grinding,
machining magnesium,
robots,
Sag point,
Sagging,
Sailboard,
Salt-bath furnace,
Saltshaker,
Samarium,
Sample size,
Sampling,
Sand
casting, ,
green,
molding machines,
molds,
Sandpaper, ,
Sands,
Sandslingers,
Sandwich molding,
Saponification,
Satellite,
Sawing,
EDM,
Saws, ,
Scab,
SCALPEL,
Scalper,
Scanning acoustical holography,

Scarfing, ,
Scission, polymers,
Scleroscope,
Scrap,
SCREAM,
Screen printing technique,
Screening,
Screw
dislocation,
extruder,
machines,
press,
thread measurement,
threads,
cutting,
Seam, defect, ,
Seam welding,
Seaming,
Seamless tube and pipe rolling,
Season cracking,
Second generation AHSS,
Second Industrial Revolution, ,

Secondary
bond, ,
refining,
shear zone,
Second-phase particles,
Sedimentation,
Seeded gel abrasives,
Segmented
chips,
dies,
Segregation,
Seizure, ,
Sejournet process, ´
Selection
criteria, manufacturing processes,
, –
of materials,
of processes, –
Selective
assembly,
attack,
automation,
laser sintering, , –
leaching, ,
oxidation,
Selectivity,
Self lubricating,
Self-aligned imprint lithography
(SAIL),
Self-excited vibration,
Self-interstitial,
Self-opening die heads,
Self-reversing taps,
Semicentrifugal casting,
Semiconductors, ,
Semicrystalline,
Semikilled steel,
Semipermanent-mold casting,
Semisolid metal forming, ,
–
Semisynthetic
cutting fluids,
solutions,
Sendzimir mill, ,
Sensitivity,
Sensor(s), , –
cutting tools,
fusion,
technology,
validation,
Sensory robot,
Serrated chips, –
Service life,
Servicing, design for,
Servo presses,
Setup cost,
Severe wear,
Severity of quench,
S-glass,
Shaft-basis system,
Shank, , ,
Shank-type cutter,
Shape
factor powder metals,
index,
rolling, ,
Shaped-tube electrolytic
machining, Index
Shape-memory
alloys, ,
polymers,
Shapers,
Shaping
machining,
processes, –
ceramics,
Sharkskin effects, plastics
extrusion,
Shaving, ,
gears,
Shaw process,
Shear,
angle
cutting,
punches,
die,
modulus,
plane,
spinning,
strain,
cutting,
stress, ,
zone,
Shearing,
dies,
Sheet metal(s), ,
bending and forming operations,
–
bending sheets, plates, and tubes,
–
characteristics, –
deep drawing, –
design considerations, –
extrusion, polymers,
formability tests, –
forming equipment, –
forming operations economics,
–
forming processes, –
hot stamping, –
manufacturing metal honeycomb
structures, –
rubber forming and
hydroforming, –
spinning, –
superplastic forming, –
Sheet-molding compound,
Shell
in casting,
mill,
reamer,
Shell-molding, –
Shells, expert system,
Shewhart control charts,
Shewhart, W. A.,
Shielded metal-arc welding,
Shock-resisting steels,
Shop-floor programming,
Shore hardness,
Short
circuiting in GMAW,
fibers,
freezing range,
Shot
blasting,
chamber,
peening, ,
Shrink
fit, ,
flanging,
Shrinkage
allowance, casting,
casting, , , ,
cavity, , –
in ceramics,
in sintering,
voids,
Sialon, , ,
Side
extrusion,
rake angle, ,
relief angle,
Silane,
Silica, ,
glass,
Silicates,
Silicon,
carbide, – ,
abrasives, –
diffusion bonding,
dioxide,
micromachining by single-step
plasma etching,
nitride, , ,
Silicone adhesives,
Silicones, ,
Silicon-LIGA,
Silver,
Silver solder,
SIMPLE,
Simulation, computer,
Sine bar,
Single
action press,
crystal
casting,
silicon,
silicon reactive etching and
metallization,
turbine blades,
minute exchange of dies (SMED),

spindle automatic bar machine,

Single-sided printed circuit board,

Single-walled nanotubes,
Sink mark, ,
Sintered carbides,
Sintering
ceramics,
powder metals,
Six sigma, ,
Size coat,
Sizing, ,
forging,
pass,
Skew rolling,
Skin
casting,
pass,
rolling,
Skin-dried molds,
Skiving, ,
Skull, extrusion,
Slab, ,
Slab milling, ,
Slag, – ,
inclusions,
Slicing,
Slip
band,
casting,
ceramics,
line,
plane, –
systems,
Slitting, ,
Sliver,
Slotters,
Slotting,
Slurry
abrasive,
infiltration,
Slush
casting, ,
molding,
Small
batch, , ,
businesses,
satellite, Index
Small manufacturing enterprises
(SMEs),
Smart
databases,
fluids,
materials, ,
sensors, ,
Smelting,
S-N curves,
Snagging,
in sawing,
Snap gages,
Snap-in fasteners,
Snowblower parts,
Soak,
Soaking,
Soaking pit,
Soaps,
Soda-lime glass,
Soft
acting wheel,
automation,
jaws,
lithography,
Softening, strain,
Solder
joints,
paste,
Solderability,
Soldering, ,
reflow,
wave,
Solders, ,
Sol-gel process,
Solid
freeform fabrication,
lubricants,
-metal embrittlement,
model,
phase,
phase forming, plastics,
phase processing,
solution, ,
Solidification
alloys,
contraction,
front,
of metals,
pure metals,
shrinkage,
time, –
weld metal,
Solid-state
bonding, ,
forming, plastics,
welding, ,
Solidus,
Solubility, gases,
Solute,
Solution treatment,
Solvent,
bonding,
cleaning,
crazing,
Sonotrode, , –
Spade drill,
Spalling,
ceramics,
rolls,
Spark
hardening,
sintering,
Spark-erosion machining,
Sparks, grinding,
Special cause,
Specific
energy,
cutting,
grinding,
gravity,
heat,
various materials, –
stiffness,
strength,
various materials, –
vs. temperature,
volume, polymers,
Specification limits,
Spectra fibers,
Speed
cracking,
of response, instruments,
Spheroidite, –
Spheroidizing annealing,
Spider die, ,
Spin forging,
Spindle,
Spinel,
Spinnability,
Spinneret,
Spinning
conventional,
glass,
polymer fibers, –
shear,
tube,
Spiral point drill,
Splat cooling,
Splatter,
Split
nut, ,
pattern,
Sponge titanium,
Spot
drill,
welding,
welds, testing,
Spray
deposition,
layup molding,
transfer,
Sprayed-metal tooling,
Spraying, thermal,
Spread,
Spreading, rolling,
Spring fasteners,
Springback,
compensation for,
Sprue,
design,
Sputter etching,
Sputtering, ,
Square die,
Square turret,
Squeeze casting,
Stability,
Stability lobes,
Staining, by lubricants,
Stainless steels,
in automobiles,
cast,
mechanical properties,
Stamping,
design guidelines,
Stand grinder,
Stand-alone machines, –
Standard,
deviation, ,
for the Exchange of Product
Model Data,
hole practice,
point drill,
shaft practice,
Standoff,
Stands, rolling,
Stapling,
Starch-based system, polymers,
Starter bar,
Static fatigue, ,
Statistical process control, , ,
,
Statistics,
Steady rest, –
Steckel rolling, Index
Steel production,
Steel rule,
Steel-rule die,
Steels designations,
Stellite,
Stenciling,
Step drill,
Step-and-scan,
Step-growth polymerization,
STEP-NC,
Stepper,
Step-reaction polymerization,
Stereolithography, –
Sterling silver,
Stewart platform,
Stick welding,
Stiction,
Stiffness, ,
of fibers,
machine tools, ,
to-weight ratio, ,
Stinger,
Stitching,
STL file format,
Stockless production,
Stones, honing,
Stop-off,
Storage and retrieval systems,
Stored energy, ,
Straddle milling,
Straight polarity, arc welding,
Straightening
rod,
sheet,
Straight-flute drill,
Straightness,
Strain,
aging, ,
accelerated,
engineering,
hardening,
rate, –
hardening,
softening,
true,
Strain-hardening exponent, ,
various metals,
Strain-rate
exponent,
polymers,
metals,
sensitivity, , ,
Strand casting,
Strength,
coefficient, ,
various metals,
of fibers,
to-weight ratio,
Strengthening, glass,
Stress,
cracking, ,
engineering,
relaxation,
relief,
relieving, ,
shear,
true, –
whitening,
Stress-corrosion cracking, , ,

Stress-relief annealing, ,
Stress-strain curves,
polymers,
various metals,
Stretch
bending,
blow molding,
flanging,
forming,
Stretcher strains, , –
Stretching,
Striations,
Stringers,
Strip casting, –
Strippers, , , ,
Stroke limited,
Structural
foam molding,
grade steels,
Structure
of alloys,
bonded abrasives,
insensitive,
of metals,
of polymers,
of reinforced plastics,
sensitive,
Structure-property relationships,
casting, –
Structures, ceramics,
Stud (arc) welding,
Stuffing box,
Stylus,
Submerged-arc welding,
Substitution of materials,
–
Substitutional,
solid solutions,
Substrate,
Subtractive processes, rapid
prototyping,
Sum dimension,
Superabrasives,
Superalloys, –
Superconductor, ,
processing,
Superficial hardness,
Superfinishing,
Superheat,
Superplastic forming, , ,
Superplasticity,
Surface(s)
defects,
fatigue wear,
finish,
cutting,
grinding, ,
integrity, ,
micromachining,
model,
mount,
plastic deformation,
plate,
preparation, adhesive bonding,

preparation, hardness testing,
profiles,
profilometer,
rolling,
roughness, ,
in machining,
rolling,
various processes,
structure,
tension, molten metal,
texture,
texturing,
treatments,
mechanical,
Sustainable design and
manufacturing,
Sustainable manufacturing,
Swaging, ,
Swell, die, –
Swept volume,
Swing,
Swing-frame grinder,
Swiss-type automatics,
Symbols, recycling,
Synchronous system, assembly,

Synthetic
cutting fluids, Index
diamond,
organic adhesives,
organic polymers,
rubbers,
sand,
solutions,
System in package,
T
Taconite,
Tactile sensing,
Taguchi
loss function,
methods,
Taguchi, G., ,
Tailor-welded blanks, –
Tailored coils,
Tailpipe, defect,
Tailstock,
Take-up reel,
Tandem rolling,
Tantalum,
Tap,
for forming,
Tape laying machines,
Tapping,
Taylor, F. W.,
Teach pendant,
Tearing
hot,
sheet metals,
Tearing, in weld joints,
Technology readiness level (TRL),
Teflon, ,
Telescoping gage,
Temper
embrittlement, ,
rolling, ,
Temperature
distribution, cutting,
effects, ,
grinding,
rise,
transition,
Tempered
glass,
martensite,
Tempering,
glass,
grinding,
Template, ,
Tennis racquets,
Tension test,
Tension-shear test,
Terbium,
Terpolymers,
Tesla Model S , –
Test pattern,
Testing
adhesives,
destructive,
nondestructive,
Texture,
Texturing, surface,
Thermal
aging,
camber,
conductivity,
ceramics,
various materials,
cracking,
ceramics,
distortion,
emf,
energy deburring,
expansion,
coefficient various materials,
fatigue, , ,
gradient, casting,
gradients,
inkjet printer,
inspection,
machine tools,
metal powder spraying,
properties various materials,
sensors,
shock,
resistance,
spraying,
stresses,
tempering,
wire spraying,
Thermally assisted machining,
Thermally conducting
adhesives,
polymers, –
Thermal-reduction method,
Thermit welding, –
Thermocouples,
Thermoforming,
Thermographic inspection,
Thermomechanical processing,
Thermometric inspection,
Thermoplastic bond,
Thermoplastics,
joining,
trade names,
Thermoset,
joining,
Thermosetting plastics,
Thick-film lubrication,
Thick-molding compound (TMC),

Thin-film lubrication,
Third generation AHSS,
Thixoforming,
Thixomolding,
Thixotropic,
casting,
Thread(s),
grinding,
measurement,
rolling, – ,
Threaded
fasteners,
plug gages,
Threading,
die,
insert,
Three-body wear,
Three-dimensional
integrated circuits,
printing, ,
Three-high
mill,
rolling mill,
Three-jaw chuck,
Three-plate mold,
Three-point bending,
Through hardening,
Through the cutting tool coolant,

Through-feed grinding,
Through-silicon via,
Thrust force
cutting, – ,
drilling,
Tie line, –
Time-temperature-transformation
diagrams,
Tin,
Tin cans,
Tin cry,
Tin plate,
Tin-based alloys casting,
Titanium and alloys,
alloys, mechanical properties,
aluminide intermetallics,
carbide, – ,
carbonitride,
nitride, ,
production,
Titanium-aluminum nitride,
Titanium-carbide coatings,
Titanium-nitride coatings, Index
Tolerances,
control,
forging,
geometric,
rolling,
various processes,
Tombstone fixtures,
Tool
costs,
materials
characteristics,
cutting, –
shearing,
post,
steels, ,
storage,
wear, –
EDM,
measurement,
Tool-checking station,
Tool-condition monitoring,
Tool-cycle time,
Tool-exchange arm,
Toolholders,
Tooling costs, ,
Tool-life curves,
Toolmaker’s microscope,
Tool-post grinder,
Toolroom lathe,
Tooth set,
Top-down manufacturing,
Torch
brazing,
welding,
Torque
in drilling,
in milling,
in rolling,
Torsion test,
Total
cost,
elongation,
indicator reading,
knee replacements, –
production quantity,
productive maintenance,
quality
control,
management, ,
Touch probe,
Toughness, , ,
Trace elements,
Tracer lathe,
Traditional ceramics,
Transducers, , ,
Transfer
dies,
line, , ,
machines,
molding,
systems, assembly,
Transfer/injection molding,
–
Transferred-arc,
Transformation
diagrams,
toughened zirconia,
Transgranular fracture,
Transition
fit,
temperature,
Transverse
grinding,
rupture strength,
Tree, in investment casting,
Trends, manufacturing, –
Trepanning, ,
Tribology,
TRIP steels,
True
centrifugal casting,
strain, –
stress, –
stress-strain curves,
Truing,
T-series high-speed steels,
T-slot cutters,
Tube
bending,
bulging, –
extrusion,
extrusion, plastics,
hydroforming, –
manufacturing,
rolling,
spinning,
swaging,
Tundish,
Tungsten,
carbide, – , ,
electrode,
Turbine blades,
casting,
Turbulence, in casting,
Turk’s head,
Turn broaching,
Turning, , –
centers,
forces,
Turret lathes,
Tuyeres, –
Twinning,
Twin-wire arc spraying,
TWIP steels,
Twist
angle,
drill,
Two-body wear,
Two-high mill,
Two-high rolling mill,
Two-phase processing,
Two-phase systems,
Two-plate mold,
U
Udimet,
Ultimate tensile strength, , –
polymers,
relation to fatigue, –
relation to hardness,
various materials,
Ultra high speed machining,
Ultra-high-strength steels,
Ultralarge-scale integration,
Ultraprecision
machining, ,
manufacturing,
Ultrasonic
cleaning,
inspection,
machining,
peening,
soldering,
vibration,
welding,
Unattended (unmanned),
Uncoated carbides,
Unconventional machining,
Undeformed
chip length,
chip thickness, , ,
Undercut(s), ,
Undercutting, , ,
Underfilling,
Underwater spark forming,
Unfused alumina,
Unified Numbering System, ,

Uniform elongation,
Unilateral tolerancing,
Unit cell,
Unit cost
casting,
forging, – Index
Universal
column-and-knee milling
machine,
dividing head,
drilling machines,
grinders,
machining centers,
tool and cutter grinder,
Universe,
Up milling,
Upper
control limit,
specification limit,
Upset
forging,
welding,
Upsetting, , ,
test, forgeability,
Urea,
Urethane adhesives,
U.S. Pennies,
Use value,
UV-LIGA,
V
Vacancy,
Vacuum
casting, –
evaporation,
furnace, –
molding,
plasma spray,
Vacuum-bag molding,
Value,
added,
analysis,
identification,
streams,
Valve lifter,
van der Waals
bonds,
force,
Vapor
blanket,
degreasing,
deposition,
chemical,
physical,
phase
epitaxy,
transport,
Variability,
Variable-sequence robot,
Variant CAPP system, –
V-dies,
Vents, molds,
Vernier calipers,
Vertical
boring mill,
etching,
flaskless molding,
shaper,
spindle machining centers,
Very high speed machining,
Very large scale integration,
Via, ,
Vibration
machining,
milling,
rolling,
Vibratory finishing,
Vickers hardness,
Vickers test,
Virtual prototyping, ,
Viscosity,
molten metal,
polymers,
Visible penetrants,
Visual sensing,
Vitrified bond,
Voids, , ,
injection molding,
Volume
fraction,
imperfections,
V process, casting,
Vulcanization, , ,
W
Wafer,
Walking, drills,
Warm forging,
Warm working,
Warping,
Wash,
Washboard effect,
Waspaloy,
Waste,
Waste reduction,
Water
absorption, polymers,
atomization,
Water-base
coolants,
lubricants,
paints,
Waterbreak test,
Water-jet
cutting,
machining, –
peening,
Water-soluble oils,
Wave soldering, ,
Waviness,
Wavy edges, in rolling,
Wax patterns,
Waxes,
Ways, machine tools, , ,
Weak bonds,
Wear, –
abrasive,
adhesive,
attritious,
of ceramics,
corrosive,
of cutting tools, –
fatigue,
flat, grinding,
of grinding wheels,
impact,
land,
allowable,
particle,
parts,
of plastics,
plates,
ratio EDM,
of reinforced plastics,
resistance cutting tools,
severe,
Weathering steels,
Wedge shaped dies,
Weight fraction, –
Weld
lines, injection molding,
metal,
nugget,
profile,
quality,
symbols,
Weldability, ,
Welded joint,
testing,
Welding
arc,
atomic-hydrogen,
braze,
chamber method, extrusion dies,

design,
economics,
efficiency,
electrogas,
electron beam,
explosion,
fluxed-cored arc,
friction, Index
Welding (Continued)
friction stir,
gas metal-arc,
gas tungsten-arc,
gun,
heat transfer,
high-frequency
induction,
resistance,
inertia friction,
laser-beam,
linear friction,
oxyfuel-gas,
percussion,
plasma arc,
pressure-gas,
processes, ,
resistance,
projection,
seam,
shielded metal-arc,
spot,
stud,
submerged arc,
thermit,
torch,
ultrasonic,
upset,
Wet
drawing,
etching, ,
oxidation,
pressing, ceramics,
spinning,
Wetting agent,
Wheel (grinding)
depth of cut,
grade,
Whisker-reinforced cutting tools,
–
Whiskers,
White
cast iron, ,
ceramics, ,
metals,
Whitney, E., ,
Wide area networks,
Wiping die,
Wire
arc spraying,
bonding,
brushing,
EDM,
frame,
rod,
saws,
Wire and arc additive
manufacturing (WAAM),
Wireless local area networks,
Womb-to-tomb production,
Woodruff,
Work
envelope, ,
hardening,
hardening exponent,
softening,
Workholding devices, ,
drilling,
turning,
Worktable,
World-class manufacturing, ,

Worms,
Woven fabric,
Wrap-around bend test, welds,
–
Wrinkling,
Wrought structure, ,
X
Xenon-ion implantation,
X-ray lithography, ,
X-rays,
Y
Yarn,
Yield
microelectronics,
strength, various materials,
stress,
Yield-point elongation, ,
Yttrium,
z
Zero inventory,
Zero line,
Zigzag, nanotube,
Zinc,
Zinc phosphate coating,
Zinc-based alloys casting,
Zincblende,
Zipper cracks,
Zirconia,
Zirconium,
Zirconium nitride,
Zirconium oxide,
Z-mill, ,